Specialized Type 1 SPD Solutions Low-Voltage Power Systems LSP provides Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector Device) solutions for low-voltage power systems, designed for installation at the main service entrance where lightning-induced surge currents enter the system. Our designs focus on long-term thermal stability, reliable follow-current extinction, and mechanical integrity under high-energy impulse conditions – key factors that determine whether a Type 1 Surge Protection Device can perform predictably throughout its service life. All solutions comply with IEC 61643-11 and are supported by coordinated protection guidance and application-level technical support for EPCs, OEMs, and system integrators worldwide. First-stage lightning current protection Service Entrance High-Energy Design Our Type 1 SPD Series​ Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector Device) – Handles indirect lightning currents (Iimp 10/350 µs), up to 25 kA at the main service entrance. Universal Compatibility – Works with TN‑S, TN‑C, and TT systems. Reliable & Certified – IEC/EN 61643‑11 certified, engineered for long-term stability. About Type 1 SPD Surge Protector Device Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector Device) is installed at the main service entrance of an electrical system and is designed to handle high-energy surges from indirect lightning strikes, providing protection against severe transient events for equipment and circuits within the system. Type 1 SPD Definition Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector Device) is a high-energy surge protective device for low-voltage AC systems. It is installed at the main service entrance as the primary stage of protection. The device is designed to withstand high-current surges from lightning strikes and line transients. It intercepts high-energy surge currents, reducing the impact on downstream equipment and loads. This ensures reliable system operation. Technical Parameters & Selection Criteria Technical Parameters & Selection Criteria The peak lightning surge current that a Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector Device) can withstand at a 10/350 µs waveform. Determines whether primary protection can effectively divert the lightning surge current. A core parameter that directly impacts system safety and the effectiveness of downstream protection. In / Imax (Nominal / Maximum Discharge Current) Mainly used for Type 2 SPD testing (8/20 µs waveform). In: SPD’s capability to repeatedly discharge 8/20 µs surge currents. Imax: The peak discharge capability for 8/20 µs surge currents. For Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector Device), this is secondary to Iimp, and is mostly used for product specification verification. Up (Voltage Protection Level) The residual voltage across the SPD after discharging the surge current. Lower Up means downstream equipment experiences less surge voltage, providing higher protection. A key metric to evaluate the protective capability of a Type 1 surge protector for system equipment. Type 1 SPD Lightning Protection Classification According to IEC/EN 61643‑11, Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector Device) is a Class I device (equivalent to Class B in German standards). It must pass 10/350 µs lightning impulse testing to demonstrate high-energy surge withstand capability. This class indicates it can handle large-magnitude surge currents and serves as the primary unit in a coordinated surge protection system. How a Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector Device) Protects Against Lightning Surges Type 1 SPD Working Principle Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector Device) presents high impedance during normal operation and does not affect the system power supply. When a lightning surge or overvoltage occurs, the internal components conduct rapidly. Lightning current is effectively diverted and discharged to the grounding system, controlling the current and voltage entering the distribution system. If the surge energy exceeds the SPD’s rated capacity, the trip mechanism activates and releases. The visual window indicates fault status, and the remote signal interface outputs alarm information. The design focuses on controlled failure to prevent system-level risk propagation. Type 1 SPD's Core Components: MOV, and GDT Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector Device) features an integrated modular structure for DIN rail mounting. Core components include heavy-duty Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs) and Gas Discharge Tubes (GDTs). MOVs provide rapid and stable triggering; GDTs offer high current-carrying capacity and prevent follow-on current. Built-in thermal trip mechanism ensures safe disconnection during overload or aging. Equipped with a visual status window for quick on-site inspection. Remote alarm contacts are provided for system monitoring and maintenance. Structural design considers energy coordination with the Type 2 SPD series. Mechanical Design & Modular Assembly The manufacturing of Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector Device) begins with component matching. MOVs are carefully selected and paired, followed by soldering and preliminary testing. GDTs are assembled and tested to ensure consistent triggering characteristics. Remote signal terminals are installed, and internal wiringis completed. The complete structure is assembled and internally inspected. Final functional and consistency tests are performed on the finished product. Assembly quality directly determines the actual current-carrying performance under 10/350 µs lightning impulses. Type 1 SPD – Key Engineering Features & Reliable Performance LSP’s Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector Device) FLP25 series is specifically designed for the main service entrance of low-voltage power systems. It features robust MOV/GDT components and an engineered internal structure and has undergone rigorous testing. Suitable for installation at LPZ 0/1 boundaries, it provides predictable and reliable protection, effectively handling high-energy surges and direct lightning currents. Typical Installation Scenarios for Type 1 SPDs FLP25 series Type 1 SPDs are installed at the main service entrance at the LPZ 0/1 boundary, providing system-level surge protection for low-voltage power distribution. They mitigate high-energy surges and transient overvoltages across residential, commercial, industrial, energy storage, data center, wastewater treatment, and EV charging applications. Residential Power Distribution Systems Energy Storage Power Systems Data Center Power Distribution Systems Wastewater Treatment Facilities EV Charging and Parking Facility Power Systems Type 1 SPD Laboratory Testing & Performance Verification The performance verification of Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector) focuses on their ability to withstand 10/350 µs lightning currents and high-energy impulses. Performance is verified through standardized lightning impulse, current handling, and safety tests in accordance with IEC 61643‑11 / EN 61643‑11 standards, confirming stability, reliability, and controlled failure behavior when installed at the LPZ 0/1 boundary as front-line protection. Type 1 SPD Impulse Current and Voltage Testing Type 1 SPD Salt Spray Corrosion Test Type 1 SPD Transient Overvoltage (TOV) Test

Type 1 SPD Thermal Stability Tests Type 1 SPD Glow Wire Flammability Test Type 1 SPD Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) Parameter Test Type 1 SPD Standards and Certifications LSP’s Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector Device) is designed and tested according to IEC/EN 61643‑11. Certified by TÜV, CE, and CB, compliant with ISO 9001 quality management. Suitable for first-line protection at the main service entrance of low-voltage power systems at LPZ 0/1 boundaries. Ensures safe and reliable system operation under high-energy lightning surges. Type 1 SPD Manufacturing Process and Production Capability LSP production facilities use automated equipment and perform electrical testing on critical components, with housings and metal parts manufactured using high-precision molding and stamping. Finished Type 1 SPDs (Surge Protectors) undergo systematic quality control to ensure predictable performance in critical low-voltage power systems. Type 1 SPD Installation & Engineering Guidelines Type 1 SPDs (Surge Protector) must be installed according to electrical standards. They are connected in parallel ahead of the main distribution panel or circuit breaker, with wiring following standard diagrams and remote signaling terminals. This ensures front-line protection at the LPZ 0/1 boundary. Wiring Principles & Connection Integrity Type 1 SPDs (Surge Protectors) are typically connected in parallel ahead of the main circuit breaker in the main distribution panel. L, N, and PE are connected to the line, neutral, and protective earth. Used with dedicated circuit breakers or fuses, they respond quickly to system surges. Wiring should be kept short and secure (≤ 0.5 m) to minimize inductance and contact resistance, reducing induced voltages on the SPD. Remote Signaling Terminals Type 1 SPDs (Surge Protectors) with remote signaling terminals provide operational status feedback. Dry contacts output SPD status and fault signals to the control panel. Connect the signal wires to the corresponding monitoring terminals on the control panel to enable remote monitoring. Alert signals are generated in case of faults or abnormal conditions, assisting maintenance personnel in quickly identifying issues and improving system maintenance efficiency. Type 1 SPD Global Field Feedback and Case References The following field feedback summarizes real-world applications of Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector) in low-voltage power distribution systems. The comments are provided by engineers involved in installation, operation, and maintenance across residential, industrial, infrastructure, and EV charging projects. They focus on the performance of Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector Devices) at the main service entrance, including operational continuity, reduced surge-related disturbances, and maintenance practicality. Operations Engineer Operations Engineer Electrical Engineer Electrical Engineer Facilities Engineer Type 1 SPD – Technical FAQ What is a Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector)? A Type 1 SPD (Surge Protector) is designed to handle high-energy surges caused by direct lightning currents or severe transient events. In engineering practice, it is installed at the origin of the electrical installation, typically at the main distribution board (MDB), to prevent lightning current from entering downstream power systems. How do Type 1 SPDs differ from Type 2 SPDs? Type 1 SPDs are applied before the main breaker and are tested with a 10/350 µs waveform, representing direct lightning currents. Type 2 SPDs are installed downstream of the main breaker and are tested with an 8/20 µs waveform, addressing residual surges caused by switching operations or indirect lightning effects. Where should Type 1 SPD be installed? In most projects, engineers prefer to install a Type 1 SPD as close as possible to the main incoming supply to minimize residual voltage and ensure predictable protection. What are the key installation and coordination considerations? For effective operation, Type 1 SPDs (Surge Protector) are installed before the main breaker and coordinated with a suitable backup protective device (MCCB/MCB or fuse). Keeping the total connection length (L + N + PE) within 0.5 m is critical to limit inductive voltage rise during lightning current discharge. What waveform and ratings define Type 1 SPD? Type 1 SPDs (Surge Protector) are defined by their ability to withstand a 10/350 µs lightning current waveform. Engineers typically focus on the impulse current rating (Iimp), which indicates how much lightning current the device can safely discharge without loss of function. What applications typically require Type 1 SPDs? Type 1 SPDs (Surge Protector) are commonly applied in installations exposed to high lightning risk, including: Industrial and manufacturing facilities Buildings equipped with lightning protection systems (LPS) Utility infrastructure and remote sites They are used as the primary surge protection stage for the entire electrical system. Can Type 1 SPDs be used in single-phase and three-phase systems? Yes. Type 1 SPDs are available for both single-phase and three-phase networks. In practice, three-phase configurations are more common in industrial and commercial systems, while single-phase units are used in smaller or decentralized installations. What is the difference between Type 1 SPDs for AC and DC systems? While Type 1 SPDs (Surge Protector Device) are most commonly applied in AC power systems, dedicated versions are also used in DC applications, such as large photovoltaic systems or DC distribution networks. The selection is based on system voltage, polarity, and grounding concept. What supports the long-term reliability of LSP Type 1 SPDs? LSP's Type 1 SPDs combine high-energy discharge capability with stable electrical characteristics. The use of MOVs for line protection, GDTs for N-PE paths, and compliance with IEC/EN 61643-11 testing ensures consistent performance under repeated lightning stress. Ensure Business Continuity, Safeguard Your Equipment Surge Protective Device AC Surge Protector DC Surge Protector Signal Surge Protector PV Combiner box Automatic Transfer Switch Domestic/ Off-grid Photovoltaic Industry Photovoltaic Energy Storage Systems Wind Turbiner Installation Material Matters Quality Control OEM Partnerships Package & Deliver Wenzhou Arrester Electric Co., Ltd. 5th FL, Bldg 2, No. 888 Liujiang Road, Beibaixiang, Yueqing, Zhejiang 325603 China info@lsp.global +86-18968826885 +86-18968826885 Copyright © 2010-2026 Wenzhou Arrester Electric Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Get A Quote Now