This is the institutional repository of the University of Basel. It indexes most of the research and scholarly output of the university and offers in some cases permanent open and worldwide access to the full text of the publications. Some of the metrics are blocked by your consent settings Publication IL-16 production is a mechanism of resistance to BTK inhibitors and R-CHOP in lymphomas ( Elsevier B.V. , 2026-09-03 ) Arribas, Alberto J. ; Cannas, Eleonora ; Sartori, Giulio ; Guidetti, Francesca ; Cascione, Luciano ; Napoli, Sara ; Forestieri, Gabriela ; Fuzio, Federica ; Pesenti, Emma ; Tarantelli, Chiara ; Spriano, Filippo ; Zucchetto, Antonella ; Rossi, Francesca M. ; Bruscaggin, Alessio ; Rinaldi, Andrea ; Castro de Moura, Manuel ; Jovic, Sandra ; Raimondi, Andrea ; Pittau, Roberta Bordone ; Terzi di Bergamo, Lodovico ; Ye, Xiaofei ; Stathis, Anastasios ; Ben-David, Yaacov ; Pan-Hammarström, Qiang ; Simonetta, Federico ; Stussi, Georg ; Zucca, Emanuele ; Gattei, Valter ; Brown, Jennifer R. ; Esteller, Manel ; Rossi, Davide ; Bertoni, Francesco ; Stüssi, Georg ; author Show more Resistance to Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors remains a major clinical challenge in B-cell lymphomas and often occurs in the absence of BTK or PLCG2 mutations. Here, we investigated nongenetic mechanisms of ibrutinib resistance in marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) and their broader therapeutic implications. Continuous ibrutinib exposure generated a resistant MZL model that showed cross-resistance to BTK inhibitors and degraders, without evidence of multidrug resistance or genetic alterations. Integrated transcriptomic, epigenetic, and proteomic analyses revealed extensive reprogramming, including the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT, MAPK, and MYC pathways, repression of apoptosis and oxidative phosphorylation, and a prominent cytokine-secretory phenotype. Interleukin-16 (IL-16) emerged as a central mediator of resistance. IL-16 was transcriptionally upregulated, actively secreted, and sufficient to induce ibrutinib resistance across multiple CD9+ models of MZL, mantle cell lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and activated B-cell–like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Serum IL-16 levels were elevated in patients with ibrutinib-refractory CLL without BTK/PLCG2 mutations. Mechanistically, IL-16 engaged CD9-enriched membrane microdomains to activate PI3Kδ, thereby sustaining AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling, stabilizing MYC, inducing NF-κB–dependent programs, and upregulating antiapoptotic effectors, including BFL1 (BCL2A1). Pharmacological or genetic disruption of the IL-16/CD9/PI3K axis restored sensitivity to BTK inhibitors and R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, vincristine [Oncovin], and prednisone) and abrogated IL-16–induced signaling in primary CLL samples. In conclusion, an IL-16/CD9-driven, epigenetically regulated survival pathway represents one possible mechanism of resistance to BTK inhibitors and chemoimmunotherapy, supporting therapeutic targeting of this axis in refractory B-cell lymphomas. Show more Some of the metrics are blocked by your consent settings Publication Majaki - ein komplexes denkmal der Usatovo-Kultur: Isotopendaten werfen neue fragen auf ( Verlag Philipp von Zabern GmbHs , 2015-01-01 ) Petrenko, Von Vlad ; Gerling, Claudia ; Kaiser, Elke ; Gerling, Claudia ; author Show more At the site of Mayaki in the northwestern Black Sea area different archaeological contexts of various time periods are known. They include, among others, a system of dit-ches attributed to the Usatovo culture, as well as nume-rous burials and burial mounds dating to the Copper and Bronze Ages. In addition, a Sarmatian cemetery was found, besides further archaeological remains of other time periods. This study is focused on the Copper Age ditches, their construction, their stratigraphy and their possibte functions. Several radiocarbon samples were ta-ken from these trenches for dating. These data, together with the series of UC analyses for burials and other re-mains of the Usatovo culture, are discussed. Further scientific samples were taken from skeletons from burials and burial mounds recovered northwest of the ditch sys-tem in Mayaki. For the individuals of the Copper Age a possible reservoir effect was detected. Besides the UC analyses, isotopes of carbon, nitrogen and strontium we-re determined. They showed significant differences for the burials of the Usatovo and Yamnaya cultures as well as for two individuals of much later date. There are indi-cations for changing diets and mobility levels during the different time periods and the archaeological cultures characterizing them. Thus, this pilot study could form the basis for a larger isotope project, in which Mayaki could play a central role. Show more Some of the metrics are blocked by your consent settings Publication Management of COMPlicAted intra-abdominal collectionS after colorectal Surgery (COMPASS): protocol for a multicentre, observational, prospective international study of drain placement practices in colorectal surgery ( Blackwell Publishing Ltd , 2020-12-01 ) Show more Aim: Postoperative drains have historically been used for the prevention and early detection of intra-abdominal collections. However, current evidence suggests that prophylactic drain placement following colorectal surgery has no significant clinical benefit. This is reflected in the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) guidelines, which recommend against their routine use. The Ileus Management International study found more than one-third of participating centres across the world routinely used drains in the majority of colorectal resections. The aim of the present study is to audit international compliance with ERAS guidelines regarding the use of postoperative drains in colorectal surgery. Method: This prospective, multicentre audit will be conducted via the student- and trainee-led EuroSurg Collaborative network across Europe, South Africa and Australasia. Data will be collected on consecutive patients undergoing elective and emergency colorectal surgery with 30-day follow-up. This will include any colorectal resection, formation of colostomy/ileostomy and reversal of stoma. The primary end-point will be adherence to ERAS guidelines for intra-abdominal drain placement. Secondary outcomes will include the following: time to diagnosis of intra-abdominal postoperative collections; output and time to removal of drains; and 30-day postoperative complications defined by the Clavien–Dindo classification. Conclusion: This protocol describes the methodology for the first international audit of intra-abdominal drain placement after colorectal surgery. The study will be conducted across a large collaborative network with quality assurance and data validation strategies. This will provide a clear understanding of current practice and novel evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of intra-abdominal drain placement in colorectal surgical patients. Show more Some of the metrics are blocked by your consent settings Publication Comparison of ECG-gated rectilinear vs. real-time radial k-space sampling schemes in cine True-FISP cardiac MRI ( Elsevier B.V. , 2004-12-01 ) Boll, D. T ; Merkle, E. M. ; Boll, Daniel Tobias ; author Show more Purpose. To compare three k-space sampling schemes in cine True-FISP cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and to evaluate changes in calculated quantitative functional cardiac parameters as a function of underlying k-space sampling techniques. Material and Methods. Using a 1.5 T MR imaging system (Magnetom Sonata, Siemens Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany), three k-space data-sampling schemes: rectilinear (2.96 ms/1.58 ms/70°/12 s TR/TE/FA/AcquisitionTime), and two radial k-space acquisitions, with filtered back-projection (RADIAL) (2.45 ms/1.25 ms/50°/3.3 s TR/TE/FA/AT), and steady-state projection imaging with dynamic echo-train readout (SPIDER) (3.39 ms/1.62 ms/55°/1.8 s TR/TE/FA/AT) of a True-FISP sequence were applied in 10 healthy volunteers. Long- and short-axis breath-hold series were acquired and signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) for blood and myocardium were determined, as was contrast-to-noise ratios (CNR). Quantitative cardiac functional analysis included: determination of end-systolic/end-diastolic volumes, ejection fraction, and left ventricular mass. Functional analysis was performed by two independent readers three times for each volunteer and k-space sampling strategy. Statistical analysis evaluated the accuracy of the measurements obtained from each of the three sampling techniques and the intra- and interobserver reliability. Results. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability measures of functional data were homogeneous without statistically significant differences. Intraobserver correlation coefficients ranged from 0.94-0.99; interobserver correlation coefficients ranged from 0.97-0.99. Direct comparison of SPIDER- and RADIAL-sampled True-FISP sequences showed no statistically significant differences in measured functional parameters with interstudy correlation coefficients from 0.88-0.98. RADIAL and SPIDER images had better temporal resolution and were qualitatively judged to provide superior wall/blood border definition. Statistically significant differences were identified in each volumetric functional parameter when results from the rectilinear sampling acquisitions were compared with either radial or SPIDER sampling techniques. RADIAL and SPIDER results were consistently higher than volumetric measures obtained from the rectilinear data set. Conclusion. Employing faster sampling schemes led to enhanced signal homogeneity while maintaining the necessary CNR for estimation of functional cardiac parameters. Enhanced signal homogeneity and maintained CNR will most likely improve the accuracy of the cardiac functional parameter determination. Show more Some of the metrics are blocked by your consent settings Publication Pattern Recognition Combining Feature-and Pixel-Based Classification Within a Real World Application ( Springer Berlin Heidelberg , 1999-01-01 ) Roth, Volker ; Pogoda, Artur ; Steinhage, Volker ; Schröder, Stefan ; Roth, Volker ; author Show more Computer aided systems based on image analysis have become popular in zoological systematics in the recent years. For insects in particular, the difficult taxonomy and the lack of experts greatly hampers studies on conservation and ecology. We have developed a system for the automated identification of bee species which employs image analysis to classify bee forewings. The wings of the bees show a clear venation within a transparent surrounding. Our prototypical system [6] employs a semi automatic extraction of this venation by applying a line following procedure after interactively setting remarkable points of interest. Since both image distortions as well as random genetic mutations incorporate a high amount of uncertainty, the stage of feature extraction is left to an experienced taxonomical expert. However, due to the worldwide lack of experts in bee species we are confronted with the task of substituting the experts knowledge by a completely automated feature extraction. The remaining uncertainty in the location of some critical points then has to be dealt with additional features compensating the lack of information. Our new approach of combining both symbolic and suitable preprocessed iconic features together with either a Support Vector Machine or a nonlinear variant of dicriminant analysis as classifier enables a completely automated system with excellent performance. Show more

Some of the metrics are blocked by your consent settings Publication Linked Open Usable Data for cultural heritage: perspectives on community practices and semantic interoperability ( 2024 ) Raemy, Julien Antoine ; Doctoral Thesis, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences ; Fornaro, Peter ; Leimgruber, Walter ; series_editor ; primary_advisor ; secondary_advisor Show more Digital technologies have fundamentally transformed the ways in which Cultural Heritage (CH) collections are accessed and engaged with. Linked Open Usable Data (LOUD) specifications, including the International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF) Presentation API 3.0, Linked Art, and the Web Annotation Data Model (WADM), have emerged as web standards to facilitate the description and dissemination of these valuable resources. Despite the widespread adoption of IIIF, the implementation of LOUD specifications, especially in combination, remains challenging. This is particularly true in the development and assessment of infrastructures, or sites of assemblage, that support these standards. The research is guided by two perspectives, namely community practices and semantic interoperability. The former aims to assess how organisations, individuals, and apparatuses engage with and contribute to the consensus-making processes surrounding LOUD. By examining community practices, the social fabrics of the LOUD ecosystem can be better understood. The latter perspective explores how data can be made meaningful to machines in a standardised and interoperable approach that promotes the exchange of well-formed information. This work is grounded as part of the SNSF-funded research project Participatory Knowledge Practices in Analogue and Digital Image Archives (PIA) (2021-2025), which aims to develop a citizen science platform around three photographic collections from the Cultural Anthropology Switzerland (CAS) archives. The theoretical framework is firmly rooted in Actor-Network Theory (ANT), as one of the aims of the thesis is to describe the collaborative structures of the LOUD ecosystem and to highlight the importance of non-human actors. Beyond the implementation of LOUD standards within the PIA research project, the empirical research includes an analysis of the social fabrics of the IIIF and Linked Art communities, as well as an investigation of LUX, Yale Collections Discovery platform. The research aims to identify the socio-technical requirements for developing specifications consistent with LOUD design principles. It also seeks to understand how the implementation of LOUD standards within PIA contributes to recognising their potential benefits and limitations in terms of facilitating data reuse and wider participation. The thesis further examines the implementation strategies, challenges, and outcomes of Yale University’s large-scale deployment of LOUD standards, focusing on how ensuring the consistency of Linked Art and IIIF resources within the LUX platform contributes to the CH domain. The core methodology of this thesis is an actor- and practice-centred inquiry, focusing on the detailed examination of specific cosmologies within LOUD-driven communities, PIA, and LUX. This approach aims to unravel the intricate web of cultural processes and constellations through a micro-perspective, rich in empirical evidence. Key empirical findings indicate that LOUD improves the discoverability and integration of data in CH, which requires community-driven consensus on model interoperability. Significant challenges include engaging marginalised groups, sustaining long-term engagement, and balancing technological and social considerations. The strategic use of technology and the capture of digital materiality are critical, yet LOUD presents challenges in terms of resource investment, data consistency, and the wider implementation of complex patterns. LOUD should clearly lead efforts to improve the accessibility and usability of CH data. The community-driven methodology of IIIF and Linked Art inherently promotes collaboration and transparency, making these standards critical tools in the ongoing evolution of data management. Even for projects and institutions that do not adopt these specifications, LOUD's socio-technical practices provide crucial insights into effective digital stewardship and community engagement strategies. Show more 1128 264 Some of the metrics are blocked by your consent settings Publication Decentralized Finance: On Blockchain and Smart Contract-based Financial Markets ( Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis , 2021-01-01 ) Schär, Fabian ; Schär, Fabian ; author Show more The term Decentralized Finance or DeFi refers to an alternative financial infrastructure built on top of the Ethereum Blockchain. DeFi uses smart contracts to create protocols that replicate existing financial services in a more open, interoperable, and transparent way. In this paper, we highlight opportunities and potential risks of the ecosystem. We propose a multi-layered framework to analyze the implicit architecture and the various DeFi building blocks, including token standards, decentralized exchanges, decentralized debt markets, Blockchain derivatives, and on-chain asset management protocols. We conclude that DeFi still is a niche market with certain risks but also has interesting properties in terms of efficiency, transparency, accessibility, and composability. As such, it may potentially contribute to a more robust and transparent financial infrastructure. Show more 261 153 Some of the metrics are blocked by your consent settings Publication Wenn Algorithmen für uns entscheiden: Chancen und Risiken der künstlichen Intelligenz ( vdf Hochschulverlag AG an der ETH Zürich , 2020-01-01 ) Christen, Markus ; Mader, Clemens ; Čas, Johann ; Abou-Chadi, Tarik ; Bernstein, Abraham ; Braun Binder, Nadja ; Dell'Aglio, Daniele ; Fábián, Luca ; George, Damian ; Gohdes, Anita ; Hilty, Lorenz ; Kneer, Markus ; Krieger-Lamina, Jaro ; Licht, Hauke ; Scherer, Anne ; Som, Claudia ; Sutter, Pascal ; Thouvenin, Florent ; Braun Binder, Nadja ; author Show more Computer werden leistungsfähiger und können komplizierte Probleme immer schneller lösen. Gleichzeitig stehen, dank Internet und Smartphones, grosse Mengen an Daten zur Verfügung. Beides fördert die Entwicklung von künstlicher Intelligenz (KI). Anspruchsvolle Aufgaben, an denen bisherige Computerprogramme gescheitert sind, löst künstliche Intelligenz scheinbar mühelos. Bekannte Beispiele sind KI-Systeme, die Sprachen übersetzen oder menschliche Gegner in Spielen aller Art bezwingen. Stetig wird die künstliche Intelligenz verbessert und übernimmt Tätigkeiten, die bisher Menschen vorbehalten waren, etwa Steuerbetrug identifizieren oder Krankheiten diagnostizieren. Künstliche Intelligenz gilt daher als wichtiger Treiber des digitalen Wandels. Die Studie von TA-SWISS beschäftigt sich eingehend mit den Chancen und Risiken dieser Technologie in den Anwendungsbereichen Arbeit, Bildung und Forschung, Konsum, Medien und Verwaltung. Zur Sprache kommen insbesondere auch allgemeine ethische und rechtliche Aspekte. Das Hauptaugenmerk liegt auf Anwendungen, bei denen KI Entscheidungsprozesse unterstützt - Prozesse, die zu Entscheidungen mit direkten Auswirkungen auf Bürgerinnen und Bürger sowie auf unsere Gesellschaft als Ganzes führen. Show more 253 413 Some of the metrics are blocked by your consent settings Publication Klinische Wirksamkeit, Pharmakologie und Analytik von Bryophyllum pinnatum ( 2011 ) Wächter, Regula ; Doctoral Thesis , Faculty of Science ; series_editor Show more Eines der grössten Probleme der modernen Geburtshilfe stellt trotz grosser Bemühungen in den letzten Jahren immer noch die vorzeitige Wehentätigkeit und die mit ihr verbundene drohende Frühgeburt¨ dar. Es wird stets nach neuen Möglichkeiten gesucht, diese zu verhindern und die Risikofaktoren auszuschalten. Vorzeitige Wehen werden symptomatisch mittels medikamentöser Wehenhemmung = Tokolyse behandelt. Mit Nifedipin, das zur Tokolyse weltweit im off-label verwendet wird, steht eine orale Applikation zur Verfügung, die, wenn immer möglich, aus Gründen der Vereinfachung einer intravenösen Tokolyse vorgezogen wird. In der anthroposophischen Medizin werden zur Tokolyse seit ca. 30 Jahren Präparate verwendet, die Auszüge der Pflanze Bryophyllum pinnatum enthalten und in der Schweiz als anthroposophische Heilmittel gehandelt werden, im engeren Sinn aber Phytotherapeutika darstellen. Das Nebenwirkungspotenzial dieser Phytotherapeutika ist sehr klein. Der direkte Vergleich zu einem synthetisch hergestellten Tokolytikum wurde nun mit der klinischen Studie „Bryophyllum pinnatum versus Nifedipin zur Behandlung vorzeitiger Wehentätigkeit“ gezogen. An einem Patientinnenkollektiv von knapp 30 Patientinnen konnte eine gleichwertige Wirkung zur Hemmung der vorzeitigen Wehentätigkeit bezüglich der Hauptzielparameter gezeigt werden. Der Presssaft von Bryophyllum pinnatum, aus dem die Kautabletten für die klinische Studie hergestellt werden, wurde gleichzeitig in-vitro an Myometriumstreifen von Patientinnen getestet, die sich einer Sectio caesarea am Termin unterzogen und der Forschung ein Stück Gewebe ihres Uterus zur Verfügung stellten. Dabei konnte gezeigt werden, dass der Presssaft und Fraktionen davon sehr wohl in der Lage sind, Kontraktionen dieses potenten Muskelgewebes zu hemmen. Um die Fraktionen für die Myometriumstreifenexperimente zu erhalten, wurde der Presssaft lyophilisiert und anschliessend mittels Mitteldruck-Flüssigchromatographie (MPLC) aufgetrennt. Als stationäre Phase zur Chromatographie wurde Sephadex LH-20 eingesetzt. Das Monitoring der Fraktionen erfolgte mittels Dünnschichtchromatographie (DC). Die Fraktionen wurden anschliessend entsprechend vereinigt und eingeengt. Der Presssaft, sowie 3 Fraktionen davon wurden mittels Hochleistungs-Flüssigchromatographie (HPLC) aufgetrennt. Anhand der Diodenarray-UV-Spektren (DAD-UV) wurden einzelne Peaks der Fingerprint-Profile den jeweiligen Substanzklassen (Flavonoide, Bufadienolidderivate oder Zimtsäuren) zugeordnet. Bevor mittels Massenspektrometrie (HPLC-MS) versucht wurde, einzelne Peaks aufgrund ihrer Massenspektren Stoffen zuzuordnen, wurde eine Literatursuche zur Bestimmung der bereits in Bryophyllum pinnatum bekannten Inhaltsstoffe durchgeführt. Show more 235 164 Some of the metrics are blocked by your consent settings Publication Wie Reiche denken und lenken : Reichtum in der Schweiz: Geschichte, Fakten, Gespräche ( Rotpunktverlag , 2010-01-01 ) Mäder, Ueli ; Jeyaratnam, Ganga ; Schilliger, Sarah ; Mäder, Ueli ; Jeyaratnam, Ganga ; Schilliger, Sarah ; author ; author ; author Show more Geld Schweiz Geld Gesellschaft Die Schweiz ist ein kleines Land. Doch jeder zehnte Milliardär der Welt wohnt in der Schweiz. Drei Prozent der hier wohnhaften privaten ­Steuerpflichtigen haben gleich viel Nettovermögen wie die restlichen 97 Prozent. Die Vermögen der 300 Reichsten stiegen in den letzten ­zwanzig Jahren von 86 Milliarden auf 459 Milliarden Franken. Wer sind diese Menschen? Wo und wie leben sie? Die Autoren dieses Buchs zeigen auf, wie dieser Reichtum entstanden und verteilt ist, wie er sich erneuert, wie Reiche denken und lenken, wie sie soziale Gegensätze wahrnehmen und wie Medien über Reiche berichten. Diese Studie knüpft an die frühere Untersuchung über den Reichtum in der Schweiz (Mäder/Streuli 2002) an und erweitert den Kontext. Der Blick richtet sich auf soziale Ungleichheiten, auf Kontinuitäten und Wandel, auf die Selbst- und Fremdwahrnehmung von Reichen, besonders auch im Zusammenhang mit der globalen Finanzkrise. Als Grundlage dienen statistische Auswertungen aktueller Daten, ethnografische ­Zugänge im Feld der Reichen, Auswertungen von Medienberichten sowie zahlreiche Gespräche mit Reichen. Show more 225 163