Browse Table of Contents What's New Random Entry Chronological Archives Table of Contents About Editorial Information About the SEP Editorial Board How to Cite the SEP Special Characters Advanced Tools Contact Editorial Information Editorial Board How to Cite the SEP Special Characters Support SEP Support the SEP PDFs for SEP Friends Make a Donation SEPIA for Libraries Support the SEP PDFs for SEP Friends Make a Donation SEPIA for Libraries [Note: All dates are given in UTC] Capitalism [ August 5, 2026 ] Samuel Freiherr von Pufendorf [ July 29, 2026 ] Model Organisms [ July 24, 2026 ] Philosophy of Psychotherapy [ July 2, 2026 ] Wisdom in Contemporary Analytic Philosophy [ July 2, 2026 ] Susanne Langer [ May 21, 2026 ] The Liar Paradox in Arabic and Islamic Philosophy [ May 21, 2026 ] Śrīgupta [ May 18, 2026 ] Plato’s Laws [ May 15, 2026 ] Economic Democracy [ May 14, 2026 ] Early Modern Rationalism [ April 17, 2026 ] The Philosophy of Mathematical Practice [ April 7, 2026 ] The Cyrenaics [ March 31, 2026 ] Bioethics in Latin America [ March 13, 2026 ] Giovanni Francesco [Gianfrancesco] Pico della Mirandola [ March 13, 2026 ] Ottobah Cugoano [ March 9, 2026 ] Aesthetics in Chinese Philosophy: Painting and Calligraphy [ February 25, 2026 ] Evolutionary Approaches to Religion [ February 18, 2026 ] Sikh Philosophy [ February 12, 2026 ] Marsilius of Padua [ January 28, 2026 ] Ontology and Information Systems [ January 3, 2026 ] 20th Century Theories of Scientific Explanation [ December 12, 2025 ] Aristotle’s De Motu Animalium [ December 3, 2025 ] Weighing Reasons [ November 3, 2025 ] Alberic of Paris [ October 28, 2025 ] Primitivist Theories of Truth [ October 23, 2025 ] Algorithmic Fairness [ July 30, 2025 ] Preference Logic [ July 28, 2025 ] Gauge Theories in Physics [ July 28, 2025 ] Experimental Jurisprudence [ June 11, 2025 ] Empirical Approaches to Moral Responsibility [ June 11, 2025 ] The Ethics of Abortion [ May 14, 2025 ] Dai Zhen [ May 2, 2025 ] George Eliot [ April 28, 2025 ] Branching Time [ April 7, 2025 ] Mexican Existentialism [ March 29, 2025 ] Aesthetics in Critical Theory [ March 25, 2025 ] Dehumanization [ March 24, 2025 ] Prioritarianism as a Theory of Value [ March 24, 2025 ] Comparative Philosophy of Religion [ March 19, 2025 ] Edith Landmann-Kalischer [ March 18, 2025 ] Ideology [ March 7, 2025 ] The Textual Transmission of the Aristotelian Corpus [ March 7, 2025 ] Maria Montessori [ February 23, 2025 ] Nietzsche’s Aesthetics [ February 14, 2025 ] Realism and Anti-Realism about Metaphysics [ February 10, 2025 ] Paradox of Tragedy [ January 13, 2025 ] Animal Social Cognition [ December 5, 2024 ] Philanthropy [ November 12, 2024 ] Reason and Religious Commitment [ November 5, 2024 ] ʿAyn al-Qudat [ October 30, 2024 ] Animal Communication [ October 23, 2024 ] Experimental Philosophy of Art and Aesthetics [ October 22, 2024 ] Locke on Medicine [ October 14, 2024 ] Johannes Clauberg [ October 9, 2024 ] Trans Philosophy [ October 8, 2024 ] Common Ground in Pragmatics [ October 3, 2024 ] Doxastic Voluntarism [ October 1, 2024 ] Sign Language Semantics [ September 9, 2024 ] Korean Buddhism [ September 5, 2024 ] Essence and Existence in Arabic and Islamic Philosophy [ August 24, 2024 ] Theodicies [ August 8, 2024 ] Yogācāra [ July 7, 2024 ] Moral Demands and Permissions/Prerogatives [ June 27, 2024 ] Bernard Mandeville [ June 3, 2024 ] Ibn Taymiyya [ May 22, 2024 ] John Italos [ May 13, 2024 ] Lambert of Auxerre [ April 3, 2024 ] Aesthetic Testimony [ March 13, 2024 ] Moral Decision-Making Under Uncertainty [ March 13, 2024 ] Bradley’s Moral Philosophy [ March 6, 2024 ] Ruth Barcan Marcus [ March 5, 2024 ] Heritability [ February 27, 2024 ] Emotional Responses to Fiction [ February 21, 2024 ] Constructivism in Political Philosophy [ February 6, 2024 ] Reverse Mathematics [ February 2, 2024 ] Modern Confucianism [ December 11, 2023 ] Henry Habberley Price [ November 4, 2023 ] Inner Speech [ September 14, 2023 ] Structural Rationality [ September 13, 2023 ] Agent-Based Modeling in the Philosophy of Science [ September 7, 2023 ] Methods in Comparative Cognition [ September 6, 2023 ] Deductivism in the Philosophy of Mathematics [ August 25, 2023 ] Philosophy of Biology in Latin America [ August 21, 2023 ] Meritocracy [ August 3, 2023 ] Mind (Heart-Mind) in Chinese Philosophy [ July 10, 2023 ] Transformative Experience [ June 1, 2023 ] Arabic and Islamic Philosophy of Religion [ May 31, 2023 ] Propositional Logic [ May 18, 2023 ] Atonement [ April 5, 2023 ] Solidarity in Social and Political Philosophy [ March 25, 2023 ] Causal Approaches to Scientific Explanation [ March 17, 2023 ] Gender in Confucian Philosophy [ February 27, 2023 ] Dignity [ February 18, 2023 ] Creativity [ February 16, 2023 ] Jaina Philosophy [ February 13, 2023 ] Frege’s Logic [ February 7, 2023 ] Fakhr al-Din al-Razi [ February 5, 2023 ] Ernst Bloch [ January 25, 2023 ] Aesthetic Experience [ January 20, 2023 ] Alexander von Humboldt [ January 16, 2023 ] Antonio Gramsci [ January 13, 2023 ] Many-Sorted Logic [ December 15, 2022 ] The Possibilism-Actualism Debate [ November 28, 2022 ] Self-Locating Beliefs [ September 30, 2022 ] Higher-Order Evidence [ September 6, 2022 ] Analytical Marxism [ September 5, 2022 ] Consequentializing [ August 22, 2022 ] Margarete Susman [ August 20, 2022 ] Natural Language Ontology [ August 17, 2022 ] Normativity in Metaethics [ July 12, 2022 ] Moral Theory [ June 27, 2022 ] The Moral/Conventional Distinction [ June 8, 2022 ] Theories of Biological Development [ June 3, 2022 ] Primary and Secondary Qualities in Early Modern Philosophy [ June 1, 2022 ] Normative Theories of Rational Choice: Rivals to Expected Utility [ May 16, 2022 ] Philosophy of International Law [ May 12, 2022 ] Disability and Well-Being [ April 21, 2022 ] Gómez Pereira [ April 19, 2022 ] Rosa Luxemburg [ April 13, 2022 ] Rule-Following and Intentionality [ April 12, 2022 ] Arabic and Islamic Philosophy of Mathematics [ April 9, 2022 ] Aesthetics and Cognitive Science [ April 3, 2022 ] The Concept of Religion [ March 28, 2022 ] Iris Murdoch [ March 23, 2022 ] Metaepistemology [ March 9, 2022 ] Obligations to Oneself [ January 25, 2022 ] Hate Speech [ January 25, 2022 ] Cicero [ January 14, 2022 ] Korean Philosophy [ January 14, 2022 ] Philosophical Approaches to Work and Labor [ January 11, 2022 ] Economics in Early Modern Philosophy [ January 10, 2022 ] Spinoza’s Epistemology and Philosophy of Mind [ January 10, 2022 ] Philosophy in Han Dynasty China [ January 3, 2022 ] Personhood in Classical Indian Philosophy [ January 3, 2022 ] God and Other Ultimates [ December 17, 2021 ] Kinds and Origins of Evil [ December 10, 2021 ] Phylogenetic Inference [ December 8, 2021 ] Moral Disagreement [ December 8, 2021 ] The Emotions in Early Chinese Philosophy [ December 6, 2021 ] Aristotle’s Aesthetics [ December 3, 2021 ] Korean Confucianism [ November 24, 2021 ] Philosophy of Contract Law [ November 23, 2021 ] al-Fārābī’s Metaphysics [ November 22, 2021 ] Ecological Genetics [ November 19, 2021 ] Jury Theorems [ November 17, 2021 ] Scientific Pluralism [ November 3, 2021 ] Natural Deduction Systems in Logic [ October 29, 2021 ] Alonzo Church [ October 21, 2021 ] Metaphysical Explanation [ October 21, 2021 ] Śaṅkara [ October 4, 2021 ] Critical Philosophy of Race [ September 15, 2021 ] Moral Phenomenology [ August 25, 2021 ] Contemporary Africana Philosophy [ August 9, 2021 ] Regularity and Inferential Theories of Causation [ July 27, 2021 ] Public Goods [ July 21, 2021 ] Absolute and Relational Space and Motion: Classical Theories [ July 19, 2021 ] Argument and Argumentation [ July 16, 2021 ] History of Western Philosophy of Music: since 1800 [ July 13, 2021 ] History of Western Philosophy of Music: Antiquity to 1800 [ July 13, 2021 ] Legal Interpretation [ July 7, 2021 ] Self-Defense [ June 29, 2021 ] Ibn Rushd [Averroes] [ June 23, 2021 ] Neoliberalism [ June 9, 2021 ] Legal Probabilism [ June 8, 2021 ] Hegel’s Social and Political Philosophy [ June 3, 2021 ] Margaret Fuller [ May 25, 2021 ] Abu Bakr al-Razi [ May 19, 2021 ] Ralph Cudworth [ May 7, 2021 ] Understanding [ May 6, 2021 ] Infinity [ April 29, 2021 ] Francis Hutcheson [ April 20, 2021 ] Sin in Christian Thought [ April 15, 2021 ] Human Nature [ March 15, 2021 ] Feminist Perspectives on Argumentation [ February 18, 2021 ] Hyperintensionality [ February 8, 2021 ] Culture [ December 2, 2020 ] Ancient Theories of Freedom and Determinism [ October 30, 2020 ] Protagoras [ September 8, 2020 ] Boethius of Dacia [ September 7, 2020 ] The Psychology of Normative Cognition [ August 25, 2020 ] Causation in Physics [ August 24, 2020 ] Isaac Albalag [ August 20, 2020 ] Philosophy of Microbiology [ August 12, 2020 ] Luther’s Influence on Philosophy [ July 22, 2020 ] Martin Luther [ July 22, 2020 ] Divine Revelation [ July 17, 2020 ] Moral Responsibility and the Principle of Alternative Possibilities [ July 9, 2020 ] Evolution and Development [ July 8, 2020 ] Gaṅgeśa [ June 18, 2020 ] Climate Justice [ June 4, 2020 ] Simplicius [ June 3, 2020 ] Descartes’ Method [ June 3, 2020 ] Scientific Research and Big Data [ May 29, 2020 ] Kantian Conceptualism/Nonconceptualism [ May 27, 2020 ] Wilhelm Windelband [ May 18, 2020 ] Ethics of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics [ April 30, 2020 ] Imaginative Resistance [ April 13, 2020 ] Philosophy of Biomedicine [ April 9, 2020 ] Francisco Sanches [ March 31, 2020 ] Territorial Rights and Territorial Justice [ March 24, 2020 ] Song-Ming Confucianism [ March 19, 2020 ] Edith Stein [ March 18, 2020 ] Computational Philosophy [ March 16, 2020 ] Johann Sturm [ March 5, 2020 ] Rudolf Carnap [ February 24, 2020 ] Philosophy of Sport [ February 4, 2020 ] Hans Vaihinger [ January 23, 2020 ] Gustav Theodor Fechner [ January 12, 2020 ] Empirical Approaches to Altruism [ January 6, 2020 ] Richard Sylvan [Routley] [ December 9, 2019 ] Sophie de Grouchy [ December 5, 2019 ] Philosophy of Theater [ November 22, 2019 ] Jean-Baptiste Du Bos [ November 19, 2019 ] Structuralism in the Philosophy of Mathematics [ November 18, 2019 ] Huayan Buddhism [ November 5, 2019 ] Philosophy of Cell Biology [ October 15, 2019 ] Richard Price [ October 3, 2019 ] Critical Disability Theory [ September 23, 2019 ] Natural Properties [ September 13, 2019 ] Iamblichus [ August 27, 2019 ] John Niemeyer Findlay [ August 22, 2019 ] Frank Ramsey [ August 14, 2019 ] Genetics [ August 13, 2019 ] Socialism [ July 15, 2019 ] Category Mistakes [ July 5, 2019 ] Russellian Monism [ July 3, 2019 ] Denis Diderot [ June 19, 2019 ] Darwin: From the Origin of Species to the Descent of Man [ June 17, 2019 ] Evolutionary Thought Before Darwin [ June 17, 2019 ] Retrocausality in Quantum Mechanics [ June 3, 2019 ] Philosophical Aspects of Multi-Modal Logic [ June 3, 2019 ] Philosophy of Macroevolution [ June 3, 2019 ] Ramsey and Intergenerational Welfare Economics [ June 1, 2019 ] Actualism and Possibilism in Ethics [ May 20, 2019 ] Cancer [ May 7, 2019 ] Freedom of Association [ May 3, 2019 ] al-Farabi’s Philosophy of Logic and Language [ April 16, 2019 ] Qing Philosophy [ April 16, 2019 ] Treating Persons as Means [ April 13, 2019 ] Needs in Moral and Political Philosophy [ April 11, 2019 ] Japanese Philosophy [ April 5, 2019 ] Chinese Philosophy of Change (Yijing) [ March 29, 2019 ] School of Salamanca [ March 22, 2019 ] The Pragmatic Theory of Truth [ March 21, 2019 ] Frantz Fanon [ March 14, 2019 ] Hobbes’ Philosophy of Science [ March 8, 2019 ] Logics for Analyzing Games [ March 4, 2019 ] Mental Disorder (Illness) [ February 20, 2019 ] Locke on Personal Identity [ February 11, 2019 ] Counterfactuals [ January 18, 2019 ] Latinx Philosophy [ December 13, 2018 ] Latin American Feminism [ December 12, 2018 ] Reproducibility of Scientific Results [ December 3, 2018 ] Bounded Rationality [ November 30, 2018 ] The Emergence of First-Order Logic [ November 17, 2018 ] Domination [ November 8, 2018 ] Fictional Entities [ November 6, 2018 ] Philosophy of Money and Finance [ November 2, 2018 ] John Dewey [ November 1, 2018 ] Modesty and Humility [ October 31, 2018 ] The Neuroscience of Consciousness [ October 9, 2018 ] Analytic Philosophy in Latin America [ October 8, 2018 ] Jean François Lyotard [ September 21, 2018 ] Moral Vegetarianism [ September 14, 2018 ] The Epistemic Condition for Moral Responsibility [ September 12, 2018 ] Personal Relationship Goods [ September 4, 2018 ] Alienation [ August 30, 2018 ] Heinrich Scholz [ August 29, 2018 ] Basil [Cardinal] Bessarion [ August 27, 2018 ] Ibn Rushd’s Natural Philosophy [ August 17, 2018 ] Philippa Foot [ August 17, 2018 ] Ibn Sina’s Logic [ August 15, 2018 ] Proof Theory [ August 13, 2018 ] Causal Models [ August 7, 2018 ] Critical Thinking [ July 21, 2018 ] Fundamentality [ July 21, 2018 ] Infinite Regress Arguments [ July 20, 2018 ] Prediction versus Accommodation [ July 17, 2018 ] Wesley Salmon [ July 13, 2018 ] Artificial Intelligence [ July 12, 2018 ] The Ethics of Cultural Heritage [ July 12, 2018 ] Epistemology in Latin America [ July 12, 2018 ] Sex and Sexuality [ July 5, 2018 ] Feminist Philosophy [ June 28, 2018 ] Giordano Bruno [ May 30, 2018 ] Medieval Theories of the Emotions [ May 23, 2018 ] Neo-Kantianism [ May 18, 2018 ] Marin Mersenne [ May 11, 2018 ] Climate Science [ May 11, 2018 ] Realism and Theory Change in Science [ May 3, 2018 ] The Ethics of Manipulation [ March 30, 2018 ] Social Ontology [ March 21, 2018 ] Simone Weil [ March 10, 2018 ] Radulphus Brito [ March 2, 2018 ] The Common Good [ February 26, 2018 ] Disagreement [ February 23, 2018 ] Philo of Alexandria [ February 5, 2018 ] Levels of Organization in Biology [ February 5, 2018 ] Śrīharṣa [ February 1, 2018 ] Presentism [ January 22, 2018 ] Skepticism About Moral Responsibility [ January 18, 2018 ] Experimental Philosophy [ December 19, 2017 ] Sakya Paṇḍita [sa skya paṇ ḍi ta] [ December 1, 2017 ] Bradley’s Regress [ November 1, 2017 ] Epistemic Self-Doubt [ October 27, 2017 ] Anarchism [ October 3, 2017 ] Ancient and Medieval Empiricism [ September 27, 2017 ] Descriptive Decision Theory [ September 26, 2017 ] Philosophy of Cosmology [ September 26, 2017 ] W.E.B. Du Bois [ September 13, 2017 ] Fine-Tuning [ August 22, 2017 ] Revolution [ August 21, 2017 ] Isaac Polqar [ August 10, 2017 ] Religious Language [ August 4, 2017 ] Self-Consciousness [ July 13, 2017 ] Justice [ June 26, 2017 ] The Donation and Sale of Human Eggs and Sperm [ June 15, 2017 ] Reasoning About Power in Games [ June 14, 2017 ] Depiction [ June 8, 2017 ] Philosophy of Systems and Synthetic Biology [ June 8, 2017 ] Equality of Educational Opportunity [ May 31, 2017 ] Mary Shepherd [ May 28, 2017 ] Susan Stebbing [ May 8, 2017 ] Friedrich Schiller [ April 21, 2017 ] Perceptual Learning [ April 5, 2017 ] Hope [ March 8, 2017 ] Dependence Logic [ February 23, 2017 ] Ramon Llull [ February 10, 2017 ] Games, Full Abstraction and Full Completeness [ January 12, 2017 ] Philosophy of Immunology [ December 22, 2016 ] The Normative Status of Logic [ December 22, 2016 ] Algebraic Propositional Logic [ December 12, 2016 ] Quantum-Bayesian and Pragmatist Views of Quantum Theory [ December 8, 2016 ] The Literal-Nonliteral Distinction in Classical Indian Philosophy [ November 26, 2016 ] Moral Particularism and Moral Generalism [ November 22, 2016 ] Genomics and Postgenomics [ October 20, 2016 ] Scientific Representation [ October 10, 2016 ] Michel Henry [ October 7, 2016 ] Thick Ethical Concepts [ September 21, 2016 ] Śāntideva [ September 19, 2016 ] Ibn Sina [Avicenna] [ September 15, 2016 ] Genetic Drift [ September 15, 2016 ] Logic and Language in Early Chinese Philosophy [ September 13, 2016 ] Nicolaus Taurellus [ September 6, 2016 ] Phenomenal Intentionality [ August 29, 2016 ] Altruism [ August 25, 2016 ] Religious Daoism [ August 19, 2016 ] Empirical Approaches to Moral Character [ August 3, 2016 ] Ibn Sina’s Natural Philosophy [ July 29, 2016 ] The Ethics and Rationality of Voting [ July 28, 2016 ] Philosophical Issues in Quantum Theory [ July 25, 2016 ] Social and Political Thought in Chinese Philosophy [ July 21, 2016 ] al-Farabi [ July 15, 2016 ] A Priorism in Moral Epistemology [ June 28, 2016 ] Dynamic Epistemic Logic [ June 24, 2016 ] The Rule of Law [ June 22, 2016 ] al-Farabi’s Philosophy of Society and Religion [ June 15, 2016 ] 19th Century Romantic Aesthetics [ June 14, 2016 ] Philosophy of Medicine [ June 6, 2016 ] Hegel’s Dialectics [ June 3, 2016 ] Theophrastus [ May 31, 2016 ] William of Sherwood [ May 11, 2016 ] Generic Generalizations [ April 24, 2016 ] Hiddenness of God [ April 23, 2016 ] Imre Lakatos [ April 4, 2016 ] Double Consciousness [ March 21, 2016 ] Methodological Holism in the Social Sciences [ March 21, 2016 ] Galen [ March 18, 2016 ] Conscience [ March 14, 2016 ] Michael Oakeshott [ March 8, 2016 ] Kant’s Transcendental Idealism [ March 4, 2016 ] Intuitionistic Type Theory [ February 12, 2016 ] Skepticism in Latin America [ February 12, 2016 ] al-Farabi’s Psychology and Epistemology [ February 11, 2016 ] Neuroethics [ February 10, 2016 ] Relations [ February 9, 2016 ] Form vs. Matter [ February 8, 2016 ] Liberalism in Latin America [ February 1, 2016 ] Disability and Health Care Rationing [ January 29, 2016 ] Philosophy of Liberation [ January 28, 2016 ] Philosophy in Mexico [ January 20, 2016 ] Neoplatonism [ January 11, 2016 ] Distributive Justice and Empirical Moral Psychology [ December 18, 2015 ] Decision Theory [ December 16, 2015 ] Johann Friedrich Herbart [ December 8, 2015 ] Philosophy of Science in Latin America [ December 2, 2015 ] Ibn Sina’s Metaphysics [ December 2, 2015 ] Touch [ November 25, 2015 ] Mechanisms in Science [ November 18, 2015 ] Thomas Jefferson [ November 17, 2015 ] Locke On Freedom [ November 16, 2015 ] Scientific Method [ November 13, 2015 ] The Legal Concept of Evidence [ November 13, 2015 ] Translating and Interpreting Chinese Philosophy [ October 27, 2015 ] Causation in Arabic and Islamic Thought [ October 26, 2015 ] Haecceitism [ October 15, 2015 ] Supervenience in Ethics [ October 7, 2015 ] The Epistemology of Visual Thinking in Mathematics [ October 2, 2015 ] Aesthetics of the Everyday [ September 30, 2015 ] ‘Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi [ September 9, 2015 ] Philosophy of Architecture [ September 9, 2015 ] Zhu Xi [ September 3, 2015 ] Idealism [ August 30, 2015 ] Agency [ August 10, 2015 ] The Phenomenology of the Munich and Göttingen Circles [ August 3, 2015 ] Conservatism [ August 1, 2015 ] Computational Complexity Theory [ July 27, 2015 ] Action-based Theories of Perception [ July 8, 2015 ] Belief Merging and Judgment Aggregation [ July 8, 2015 ] Natural Theology and Natural Religion [ July 6, 2015 ] Perceptual Experience and Perceptual Justification [ June 17, 2015 ] Measurement in Science [ June 15, 2015 ] Word Meaning [ June 2, 2015 ] Fallacies [ May 29, 2015 ] Christian von Ehrenfels [ May 28, 2015 ] Giambattista della Porta [ May 19, 2015 ] Reconciliation [ May 11, 2015 ] Science and Chinese Philosophy [ April 28, 2015 ] Chinese Philosophy and Chinese Medicine [ April 28, 2015 ] Natural Philosophy in the Renaissance [ April 14, 2015 ] Jacques Lefèvre d’Étaples [ April 10, 2015 ] Dreams and Dreaming [ April 9, 2015 ] Human Enhancement [ April 7, 2015 ] Metaphysics in Chinese Philosophy [ April 2, 2015 ] 19th and 20th Century Chilean Philosophy [ April 2, 2015 ] Chan Buddhism [ April 1, 2015 ] Anna Julia Cooper [ March 31, 2015 ] Developmental Biology [ March 23, 2015 ] Gratitude [ March 19, 2015 ] Jeremy Bentham [ March 17, 2015 ] Associationist Theories of Thought [ March 17, 2015 ] Epistemic Foundations of Game Theory [ March 13, 2015 ] Global Justice [ March 6, 2015 ] The Structure of Scientific Theories [ March 5, 2015 ] Formal Epistemology [ March 2, 2015 ] Implicit Bias [ February 26, 2015 ] The Philosophy of Digital Art [ February 23, 2015 ] Global Democracy [ February 23, 2015 ] The Philosophy of Dance [ January 12, 2015 ] Negation [ January 7, 2015 ] Probability in Medieval and Renaissance Philosophy [ December 29, 2014 ] Imprecise Probabilities [ December 20, 2014 ] Intuitionism in Ethics [ December 15, 2014 ] Legalism in Chinese Philosophy [ December 10, 2014 ] Metaphysical Grounding [ November 25, 2014 ] Nelson Goodman [ November 21, 2014 ] Privacy and Information Technology [ November 20, 2014 ] Tiantai Buddhism [ November 19, 2014 ] Ontological Commitment [ November 3, 2014 ] Arrow’s Theorem [ October 13, 2014 ] Epistemology in Chinese Philosophy [ September 26, 2014 ] Meaning Holism [ September 15, 2014 ] Authenticity [ September 11, 2014 ] Formal Approaches to Social Procedures [ September 8, 2014 ] Quantifiers and Quantification [ September 3, 2014 ] Feminist Environmental Philosophy [ August 29, 2014 ] Scientific Objectivity [ August 25, 2014 ] Erotic Art [ August 20, 2014 ] Philosophy of Statistics [ August 19, 2014 ] Normative Theories of Rational Choice: Expected Utility [ August 8, 2014 ] The Consistent Histories Approach to Quantum Mechanics [ August 7, 2014 ] Port Royal Logic [ July 22, 2014 ] Francisco Suárez [ July 21, 2014 ] Wang Yangming [ July 11, 2014 ] Eugenics [ July 2, 2014 ] Robert Nozick’s Political Philosophy [ June 22, 2014 ] Retributive Justice [ June 18, 2014 ] Richard Mervyn Hare [ June 4, 2014 ] Samuel Alexander [ June 2, 2014 ] Jan Łukasiewicz [ May 15, 2014 ] Feminist Perspectives on Globalization [ May 6, 2014 ] Herbert Feigl [ April 25, 2014 ] Blame [ April 15, 2014 ] Scientific Reduction [ April 8, 2014 ] Animalism [ April 7, 2014 ] Thomas More [ March 19, 2014 ] Experimental Moral Philosophy [ March 19, 2014 ] Origen [ March 10, 2014 ] Scientific Discovery [ March 6, 2014 ] Questions [ February 11, 2014 ] Computational Linguistics [ February 6, 2014 ] Gelukpa [dge lugs pa] [ February 4, 2014 ] Logic and Information [ February 3, 2014 ] Moral Sentimentalism [ January 29, 2014 ] Skeptical Theism [ January 25, 2014 ] Sextus Empiricus [ January 17, 2014 ] Tense and Aspect [ January 7, 2014 ] Herbert Marcuse [ December 18, 2013 ] Social Choice Theory [ December 18, 2013 ] The Concept of Evil [ November 26, 2013 ] Transmission of Justification and Warrant [ November 19, 2013 ] Time Travel [ November 14, 2013 ] Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorems [ November 11, 2013 ] Georg [György] Lukács [ November 4, 2013 ] Possible Worlds [ October 18, 2013 ] Epistemology of Geometry [ October 14, 2013 ] Perfect Goodness [ October 1, 2013 ] Nominalism in the Philosophy of Mathematics [ September 16, 2013 ] Henri Poincaré [ September 3, 2013 ] Recognition [ August 23, 2013 ] Logicism and Neologicism [ August 21, 2013 ] Elisabeth, Princess of Bohemia [ August 20, 2013 ] Latin American Philosophy [ August 14, 2013 ] Heinrich Rickert [ July 24, 2013 ] Kant’s Philosophy of Mathematics [ July 19, 2013 ] Thomas Paine [ July 18, 2013 ] Richard FitzRalph [ July 8, 2013 ] Zermelo’s Axiomatization of Set Theory [ July 2, 2013 ] Latin American Philosophy: Metaphilosophical Foundations [ July 2, 2013 ] Analogy and Analogical Reasoning [ June 25, 2013 ] Leibniz’s Exoteric Philosophy [ June 18, 2013 ] Collective Intentionality [ June 13, 2013 ] Location and Mereology [ June 7, 2013 ] Confirmation [ May 30, 2013 ] Émilie du Châtelet [ May 29, 2013 ] Moritz Schlick [ May 28, 2013 ] Disability and Justice [ May 23, 2013 ] The Continuum Hypothesis [ May 22, 2013 ] Large Cardinals and Determinacy [ May 22, 2013 ] Public Reason [ May 20, 2013 ] Externalism and Self-Knowledge [ May 9, 2013 ] Computer Simulations in Science [ May 6, 2013 ] Feminist Perspectives on Autonomy [ May 2, 2013 ] Girolamo [Geronimo] Cardano [ April 23, 2013 ] Logical Pluralism [ April 17, 2013 ] Philodemus [ April 10, 2013 ] Medieval Theories of Transcendentals [ April 4, 2013 ] Jacques Lacan [ April 2, 2013 ] Markets [ March 26, 2013 ] François Poulain de la Barre [ March 26, 2013 ] The Grounds of Moral Status [ March 14, 2013 ] The Logic of Mass Expressions [ March 8, 2013 ] Logic and Probability [ March 7, 2013 ] Theoretical Terms in Science [ February 25, 2013 ] Truthmakers [ February 23, 2013 ] Adam Smith’s Moral and Political Philosophy [ February 15, 2013 ] Instrumental Rationality [ February 13, 2013 ] Donald Cary Williams [ January 28, 2013 ] Locke on Real Essence [ December 19, 2012 ] The Lambda Calculus [ December 12, 2012 ] John Langshaw Austin [ December 11, 2012 ] Proof-Theoretic Semantics [ December 5, 2012 ] Knowledge How [ December 4, 2012 ] Intuition [ December 4, 2012 ] Varieties of Modality [ November 27, 2012 ] Philosophy of Humor [ November 20, 2012 ] Japanese Pure Land Philosophy [ November 19, 2012 ] The Metaphysics of Mass Expressions [ November 8, 2012 ] Lucrezia Marinella [ November 2, 2012 ] Information [ October 26, 2012 ] John Anderson [ October 22, 2012 ] Joseph Butler’s Moral Philosophy [ October 17, 2012 ] Innateness and Contemporary Theories of Cognition [ October 1, 2012 ] Friedrich Hayek [ September 15, 2012 ] Beauty [ September 4, 2012 ] Search Engines and Ethics [ August 27, 2012 ] Petitionary Prayer [ August 15, 2012 ] Social Networking and Ethics [ August 3, 2012 ] Abner of Burgos [ July 9, 2012 ] Cognitive Disability and Moral Status [ July 6, 2012 ] Arabic and Islamic Metaphysics [ July 5, 2012 ] Catharine Macaulay [ July 5, 2012 ] Nicolai Hartmann [ July 1, 2012 ] Internet Research Ethics [ June 22, 2012 ] Frederick Douglass [ June 13, 2012 ] Information Technology and Moral Values [ June 12, 2012 ] Medieval Theories of Consequence [ June 11, 2012 ] Schopenhauer’s Aesthetics [ May 9, 2012 ] Robert Kilwardby [ April 17, 2012 ] Cellular Automata [ March 26, 2012 ] Alain LeRoy Locke [ March 23, 2012 ] Adam de Wodeham [ March 21, 2012 ] Ludwik Fleck [ March 19, 2012 ] Count Paul Yorck von Wartenburg [ March 19, 2012 ] Pluralist Theories of Truth [ March 5, 2012 ] Naturalism in Classical Indian Philosophy [ March 5, 2012 ] Experiment in Biology [ February 14, 2012 ] Margaret Fell [ January 26, 2012 ] Inheritance Systems [ January 4, 2012 ] Hasdai Crescas [ January 4, 2012 ] Disability: Definitions and Models [ December 16, 2011 ] Max Scheler [ December 8, 2011 ] Ordinary Objects [ December 8, 2011 ] Descartes’ Mathematics [ November 28, 2011 ] Louis de La Forge [ November 15, 2011 ] Religious Experience [ November 8, 2011 ] Montague Semantics [ November 7, 2011 ] Culture and Cognitive Science [ November 2, 2011 ] The Donation of Human Organs [ October 28, 2011 ] Albert Camus [ October 27, 2011 ] Locke’s Moral Philosophy [ October 21, 2011 ] The Sale of Human Organs [ October 17, 2011 ] Martin Heidegger [ October 12, 2011 ] The Sophists [ September 30, 2011 ] Constructivism in Metaethics [ September 27, 2011 ] Epistemic Utility Arguments for Epistemic Norms [ September 23, 2011 ] Philosophy of Linguistics [ September 21, 2011 ] Informed Consent [ September 20, 2011 ] Umar Khayyam [ September 6, 2011 ] History of the Ontology of Art [ August 29, 2011 ] Dharmakīrti [ August 19, 2011 ] Metaphor [ August 19, 2011 ] James of Viterbo [ August 18, 2011 ] Bodily Awareness [ August 9, 2011 ] Voting Methods [ August 3, 2011 ] Embodied Cognition [ July 25, 2011 ] Fiction [ July 20, 2011 ] Propositional Function [ July 20, 2011 ] Tsongkhapa [ July 18, 2011 ] Happiness [ July 6, 2011 ] Feminist Philosophy of Biology [ June 22, 2011 ] Justification Logic [ June 22, 2011 ] Dutch Book Arguments [ June 15, 2011 ] Future Contingents [ June 9, 2011 ] Marsilio Ficino [ June 9, 2011 ] José Ortega y Gasset [ June 7, 2011 ] Alexander Crummell [ June 6, 2011 ] Madeleine de Scudéry [ May 18, 2011 ] Psychoanalytic Feminism [ May 16, 2011 ] Ambiguity [ May 16, 2011 ] Gorampa [go rams pa] [ May 2, 2011 ] Johannes Kepler [ May 2, 2011 ] Vasubandhu [ April 22, 2011 ] Logic in Classical Indian Philosophy [ April 19, 2011 ] Charles Leslie Stevenson [ April 15, 2011 ] The Capability Approach [ April 14, 2011 ] The Ergodic Hierarchy [ April 13, 2011 ] Logical Empiricism [ April 4, 2011 ] Presupposition [ April 1, 2011 ] Yeshayahu Leibowitz [ March 29, 2011 ] Emily Elizabeth Constance Jones [ March 25, 2011 ] Fitting Attitude Theories of Value [ March 17, 2011 ] Proclus [ March 16, 2011 ] Philosophy of Chemistry [ March 14, 2011 ] Ceteris Paribus Laws [ March 14, 2011 ] Imagination [ March 14, 2011 ] Abduction [ March 9, 2011 ] Intellectual Property [ March 8, 2011 ] Epistemology in Classical Indian Philosophy [ March 3, 2011 ] Social Norms [ March 1, 2011 ] The Concept of Emotion in Classical Indian Philosophy [ March 1, 2011 ] Transcendental Arguments [ February 25, 2011 ] Buddha [ February 17, 2011 ] Progress [ February 17, 2011 ] Pregnancy, Birth, and Medicine [ February 17, 2011 ] The Theory of Two Truths in Tibet [ February 17, 2011 ] The Theory of Two Truths in India [ February 17, 2011 ] Tibetan Epistemology and Philosophy of Language [ February 2, 2011 ] Discrimination [ February 1, 2011 ] Liar Paradox [ January 20, 2011 ] Jayarāśi [ January 19, 2011 ] Walter Benjamin [ January 18, 2011 ] Formalism in the Philosophy of Mathematics [ January 12, 2011 ] Reid’s Ethics [ January 4, 2011 ] Black Reparations [ December 14, 2010 ] Shared Agency [ December 13, 2010 ] Two-Dimensional Semantics [ December 13, 2010 ] Perceptual Experience and Concepts in Classical Indian Philosophy [ December 2, 2010 ] Leo Strauss [ December 1, 2010 ] Marcus Aurelius [ November 29, 2010 ] Modern Origins of Modal Logic [ November 16, 2010 ] Madhyamaka [ November 6, 2010 ] Bohr’s Correspondence Principle [ October 14, 2010 ] Africana Philosophy [ October 11, 2010 ] Jean Jacques Rousseau [ September 27, 2010 ] Multiculturalism [ September 24, 2010 ] Solomon Ibn Gabirol [Avicebron] [ September 23, 2010 ] Principle of Sufficient Reason [ September 14, 2010 ] Carl Hempel [ September 10, 2010 ] African Ethics [ September 9, 2010 ] Plutarch [ September 7, 2010 ] Typelogical Grammar [ September 7, 2010 ] Ancient Political Philosophy [ September 6, 2010 ] Charlie Dunbar Broad [ September 3, 2010 ] Dynamic Semantics [ August 23, 2010 ] Enlightenment [ August 20, 2010 ] Language and Testimony in Classical Indian Philosophy [ August 20, 2010 ] Chance versus Randomness [ August 18, 2010 ] Abhidharma [ August 16, 2010 ] Otto Neurath [ August 15, 2010 ] William David Ross [ August 12, 2010 ] Carl Schmitt [ August 7, 2010 ] Temporal Consciousness [ August 6, 2010 ] Seventeenth-Century Theories of Consciousness [ July 29, 2010 ] Philosophy of Psychiatry [ July 28, 2010 ] Political Realism in International Relations [ July 26, 2010 ] Adaptationism [ July 22, 2010 ] Computation in Physical Systems [ July 21, 2010 ] Hermann Cohen [ July 15, 2010 ] Kazimierz Twardowski [ July 6, 2010 ] Feminist Perspectives on the Body [ June 28, 2010 ] Faith [ June 23, 2010 ] Ethics in Indian Buddhism [ June 22, 2010 ] The Ethics of Belief [ June 14, 2010 ] Ayn Rand [ June 8, 2010 ] Négritude [ May 24, 2010 ] Immanuel Kant [ May 20, 2010 ] Theory and Bioethics [ May 18, 2010 ] Immigration [ May 10, 2010 ] Forgiveness [ May 6, 2010 ] Kumārila [ May 4, 2010 ] Sentence Connectives in Formal Logic [ May 4, 2010 ] Political Legitimacy [ April 29, 2010 ] George Boole [ 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2009 ] Dialogical Logic [ March 5, 2009 ] The Algebra of Logic Tradition [ March 2, 2009 ] Feminist Political Philosophy [ March 1, 2009 ] Franz Rosenzweig [ February 27, 2009 ] The Incommensurability of Scientific Theories [ February 25, 2009 ] Material Constitution [ February 25, 2009 ] Greek Sources in Arabic and Islamic Philosophy [ February 23, 2009 ] Set Theory: Constructive and Intuitionistic ZF [ February 20, 2009 ] Reasons for Action: Justification, Motivation, Explanation [ February 20, 2009 ] Philosophy of Technology [ February 20, 2009 ] Independence Friendly Logic [ February 9, 2009 ] Spinoza’s Theory of Attributes [ February 3, 2009 ] The Ethics of Clinical Research [ January 30, 2009 ] Feminist Moral Psychology [ January 30, 2009 ] Carl Stumpf [ January 28, 2009 ] Transitional Justice [ January 26, 2009 ] Harold Arthur Prichard [ January 26, 2009 ] Hegel’s Aesthetics [ January 20, 2009 ] Skolem’s Paradox [ January 12, 2009 ] Medieval Skepticism [ January 12, 2009 ] Juan 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of Language and Logic [ July 23, 2008 ] Chaos [ July 16, 2008 ] Self-Reference and Paradox [ July 15, 2008 ] The Development of Intuitionistic Logic [ July 10, 2008 ] Philosophy of Biology [ July 4, 2008 ] Plato’s Aesthetics [ June 27, 2008 ] The Historical Controversies Surrounding Innateness [ June 19, 2008 ] Natural Selection [ June 7, 2008 ] The Theology of Aristotle [ June 5, 2008 ] Kant and Hume on Causality [ June 4, 2008 ] Giovanni Pico della Mirandola [ June 3, 2008 ] Philosophy of Education [ June 2, 2008 ] Race [ May 28, 2008 ] Reductionism in Biology [ May 27, 2008 ] Leibniz’s Modal Metaphysics [ May 23, 2008 ] Gilles Deleuze [ May 23, 2008 ] Judah Halevi [ May 21, 2008 ] Ernst Mach [ May 21, 2008 ] Japanese Confucian Philosophy [ May 20, 2008 ] Weakness of Will [ May 14, 2008 ] Feminist Perspectives on Sex and Gender [ May 12, 2008 ] Sidney Hook [ May 8, 2008 ] Croce’s Aesthetics [ May 4, 2008 ] Essential vs. Accidental Properties [ April 29, 2008 ] Ethics of Stem Cell Research [ April 25, 2008 ] Fictionalism in the Philosophy of Mathematics [ April 22, 2008 ] Ikhwān al-Safā’ [ April 22, 2008 ] Dedekind’s Contributions to the Foundations of Mathematics [ April 22, 2008 ] Reliabilist Epistemology [ April 21, 2008 ] Spinoza’s Political Philosophy [ April 21, 2008 ] Arabic and Islamic Psychology and Philosophy of Mind [ April 18, 2008 ] Mary Wollstonecraft [ April 16, 2008 ] The Development of Proof Theory [ April 16, 2008 ] Business Ethics [ April 16, 2008 ] Non-wellfounded Set Theory [ April 16, 2008 ] George Herbert Mead [ April 13, 2008 ] Gershom Scholem [ April 10, 2008 ] Definitions [ April 10, 2008 ] Mathematical Explanation [ April 6, 2008 ] Empathy [ March 31, 2008 ] Kant and Hume on Morality [ March 26, 2008 ] John Rawls [ March 25, 2008 ] Eugen Rosenstock-Huessy [ March 20, 2008 ] The Definition of Lying and Deception [ February 21, 2008 ] Hermann von Helmholtz [ February 18, 2008 ] Nominalism in Metaphysics [ February 11, 2008 ] Evolutionary Psychology [ February 8, 2008 ] Parmenides [ February 8, 2008 ] Value Theory [ February 5, 2008 ] Certainty [ February 2, 2008 ] Innateness and Language [ January 16, 2008 ] Wilhelm Dilthey [ January 16, 2008 ] Decision-Making Capacity [ January 15, 2008 ] Chinese Ethics [ January 10, 2008 ] Zeno of Elea [ January 9, 2008 ] The Axiom of Choice [ January 8, 2008 ] Animal Cognition [ January 8, 2008 ] The Principle of Beneficence in Applied Ethics [ January 2, 2008 ] Civic Education [ December 27, 2007 ] Suhrawardi [ December 26, 2007 ] Cultural Evolution [ December 23, 2007 ] Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz [ December 22, 2007 ] Newton’s Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica [ December 20, 2007 ] Second-order and Higher-order Logic [ December 20, 2007 ] Henry of Ghent [ December 19, 2007 ] Isaac Newton [ December 19, 2007 ] Gilbert Ryle [ December 18, 2007 ] Ibn Kammūna [ December 18, 2007 ] Leibniz’s Philosophy of Physics [ December 17, 2007 ] Russell’s Moral Philosophy [ December 17, 2007 ] Hume on Free Will [ December 14, 2007 ] Influence of Arabic and Islamic Philosophy on Judaic Thought [ December 10, 2007 ] A Priori Justification and Knowledge [ December 9, 2007 ] The Epistemology of Modality [ December 5, 2007 ] Stanisław Leśniewski [ November 23, 2007 ] Deontological Ethics [ November 21, 2007 ] Structural Realism [ November 14, 2007 ] Bernard Bolzano [ November 8, 2007 ] The Definition of Death [ October 26, 2007 ]

The Definition of Art [ October 23, 2007 ] The Philosophy of Music [ October 22, 2007 ] Terrorism [ October 22, 2007 ] Liberal Feminism [ October 18, 2007 ] Seneca [ October 17, 2007 ] Paradoxes and Contemporary Logic [ October 16, 2007 ] Dynamic Choice [ October 15, 2007 ] Mill’s Moral and Political Philosophy [ October 9, 2007 ] Biological Information [ October 4, 2007 ] Ibn Bâjja [Avempace] [ September 28, 2007 ] Philosophy of Mathematics [ September 25, 2007 ] Clarence Irving Lewis [ September 25, 2007 ] Bolzano’s Logic [ September 23, 2007 ] The Frege-Hilbert Controversy [ September 23, 2007 ] Facts [ September 21, 2007 ] The Logic of Conditionals [ September 18, 2007 ] Combining Logics [ September 13, 2007 ] Isaac Israeli [ September 10, 2007 ] Metaphysics [ September 10, 2007 ] Aristotle’s Categories [ September 7, 2007 ] Epistemic Contextualism [ September 7, 2007 ] Convention [ September 6, 2007 ] Contractualism [ August 30, 2007 ] Max Weber [ August 24, 2007 ] Henry More [ August 24, 2007 ] Anaxagoras [ August 22, 2007 ] Collingwood’s Aesthetics [ August 21, 2007 ] Spinoza’s Modal Metaphysics [ August 21, 2007 ] Blaise Pascal [ August 21, 2007 ] The Value of Knowledge [ August 21, 2007 ] Loyalty [ August 21, 2007 ] Plato’s Parmenides [ August 17, 2007 ] al-Ghazali [ August 14, 2007 ] Biological Individuals [ August 9, 2007 ] The Unity of Science [ August 9, 2007 ] Moral Anti-Realism [ July 30, 2007 ] Kant’s Social and Political Philosophy [ July 24, 2007 ] Incommensurable Values [ July 23, 2007 ] Pierre Duhem [ July 13, 2007 ] Creation and Conservation [ July 12, 2007 ] Robert Grosseteste [ July 10, 2007 ] Speech Acts [ July 3, 2007 ] Shem Tov Ibn Falaquera [ July 2, 2007 ] Gadamer’s Aesthetics [ June 13, 2007 ] Olympiodorus [ June 12, 2007 ] Conceptual Art [ June 7, 2007 ] Algebra [ May 29, 2007 ] Discourse Representation Theory [ May 22, 2007 ] Jürgen Habermas [ May 17, 2007 ] The Meaning of Life [ May 15, 2007 ] Roger Bacon [ April 19, 2007 ] The Kokugaku (Native Japan Studies) School [ April 19, 2007 ] Political Obligation [ April 17, 2007 ] The Early Development of Set Theory [ April 10, 2007 ] Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim [ March 30, 2007 ] Fictionalism [ March 30, 2007 ] Psychologism [ March 21, 2007 ] Monism [ March 19, 2007 ] Friedrich Schlegel [ March 19, 2007 ] Descartes’ Theory of Ideas [ March 14, 2007 ] Risk [ March 13, 2007 ] Philosophy of Religion [ March 12, 2007 ] Presocratic Philosophy [ March 10, 2007 ] Molecular Genetics [ March 7, 2007 ] Feminist Metaphysics [ February 27, 2007 ] Wilhelm von Humboldt [ February 23, 2007 ] Toleration [ February 23, 2007 ] Wittgenstein’s Philosophy of Mathematics [ February 23, 2007 ] Naturalism [ February 22, 2007 ] Religion and Science [ February 20, 2007 ] Philosophy of History [ February 18, 2007 ] Perfectionism in Moral and Political Philosophy [ February 13, 2007 ] Kurt Gödel [ February 13, 2007 ] Xunzi [ February 13, 2007 ] John Norris [ February 13, 2007 ] Situations in Natural Language Semantics [ February 12, 2007 ] Heraclitus [ February 8, 2007 ] Natural Law Theories [ February 5, 2007 ] Aristotle on Non-contradiction [ February 2, 2007 ] Propositional Dynamic Logic [ February 1, 2007 ] Environmental Aesthetics [ January 29, 2007 ] Antoine Arnauld [ January 27, 2007 ] Action at a Distance in Quantum Mechanics [ January 26, 2007 ] Wittgenstein’s Aesthetics [ January 26, 2007 ] Metaethics [ January 23, 2007 ] William Stanley Jevons [ January 22, 2007 ] Assertion [ January 22, 2007 ] 18th Century German Aesthetics [ January 16, 2007 ] August Wilhelm Rehberg [ January 11, 2007 ] Hume’s Newtonianism and Anti-Newtonianism [ January 5, 2007 ] Social Institutions [ January 4, 2007 ] Civil Disobedience [ January 4, 2007 ] Akan Philosophy of the Person [ December 27, 2006 ] Arabic and Islamic Natural Philosophy and Natural Science [ December 19, 2006 ] Abraham Ibn Ezra [ December 19, 2006 ] Ancient Logic [ December 13, 2006 ] World Government [ 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] Walter Chatton [ June 20, 2006 ] Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt [ June 16, 2006 ] Medieval Theories of Future Contingents [ June 15, 2006 ] Hybrid Logic [ June 13, 2006 ] Truth [ June 13, 2006 ] Jane Addams [ June 7, 2006 ] Joseph Kaspi [ June 6, 2006 ] Karl Jaspers [ June 5, 2006 ] Moral Naturalism [ June 1, 2006 ] Logical Truth [ May 30, 2006 ] Alternative Axiomatic Set Theories [ May 30, 2006 ] Aristotle’s Natural Philosophy [ May 26, 2006 ] 17th and 18th Century Theories of Emotions [ May 25, 2006 ] Medieval Mereology [ May 20, 2006 ] Petrus Ramus [ May 9, 2006 ] Colonialism [ May 9, 2006 ] Types and Tokens [ April 28, 2006 ] Logic of Belief Revision [ April 21, 2006 ] Moral Psychology: Empirical Approaches [ April 19, 2006 ] Medieval Theories of the Categories [ April 14, 2006 ] Pythagoreanism [ March 29, 2006 ] Divine Simplicity [ March 20, 2006 ] Albert the Great [ March 20, 2006 ] The Limits of Law [ February 27, 2006 ] The Kyoto School [ February 27, 2006 ] Models in Science [ 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Identity [ December 15, 2004 ] Nicolaus Copernicus [ November 30, 2004 ] Quantum Approaches to Consciousness [ November 30, 2004 ] Time Machines [ November 25, 2004 ] Wittgenstein’s Logical Atomism [ November 22, 2004 ] Francesco Patrizi [ November 22, 2004 ] Boltzmann’s Work in Statistical Physics [ November 17, 2004 ] Social Minimum [ November 16, 2004 ] Gabriel (-Honoré) Marcel [ November 16, 2004 ] Idiolects [ November 15, 2004 ] Watsuji Tetsurō [ November 11, 2004 ] Mysticism [ November 11, 2004 ] Inverted Qualia [ November 10, 2004 ] Feminist Perspectives on Reproduction and the Family [ November 6, 2004 ] Intensional Transitive Verbs [ November 3, 2004 ] Content Externalism and Skepticism [ October 29, 2004 ] Hume’s Moral Philosophy [ October 29, 2004 ] Simplicity [ October 29, 2004 ] Plural Quantification [ October 27, 2004 ] Isaiah Berlin [ October 26, 2004 ] Gene [ October 26, 2004 ] Game Theory and Ethics [ October 16, 2004 ] Mencius [ October 16, 2004 ] Henry Sidgwick [ 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2004 ] Democritus [ August 15, 2004 ] Leucippus [ August 14, 2004 ] Darwinism [ August 13, 2004 ] Thomas Kuhn [ August 13, 2004 ] Newton’s Views on Space, Time, and Motion [ August 12, 2004 ] Carneades [ August 11, 2004 ] Callicles and Thrasymachus [ August 11, 2004 ] Computing and Moral Responsibility [ August 10, 2004 ] Lucretius [ August 4, 2004 ] Medieval Philosophy [ August 3, 2004 ] Peter Abelard [ August 3, 2004 ] Josiah Royce [ August 3, 2004 ] Ancient Ethical Theory [ August 3, 2004 ] Process Theism [ July 29, 2004 ] Doctrine of Double Effect [ July 28, 2004 ] Kant’s Theory of Judgment [ July 28, 2004 ] Quantum Theory and Mathematical Rigor [ July 27, 2004 ] Kant’s View of the Mind and Consciousness of Self [ July 26, 2004 ] Bell’s Theorem [ July 21, 2004 ] Feminist Bioethics [ July 19, 2004 ] Cosmological Argument [ July 13, 2004 ] Walter Burley [ July 11, 2004 ] Foreknowledge and Free Will [ July 6, 2004 ] Chauncey Wright [ July 2, 2004 ] Redistribution [ July 2, 2004 ] Authority [ July 2, 2004 ] Ernst Cassirer [ June 30, 2004 ] Computability and Complexity [ June 24, 2004 ] Kant’s Philosophy of Religion [ June 22, 2004 ] Teleological Theories of Mental Content [ June 18, 2004 ] Consciousness [ June 18, 2004 ] Maurice Merleau-Ponty [ June 14, 2004 ] Categories [ June 3, 2004 ] Schema [ May 28, 2004 ] Mental Representation in Medieval Philosophy [ May 28, 2004 ] Normative Economics and Economic Justice [ May 28, 2004 ] Religious Diversity (Pluralism) [ May 25, 2004 ] Moral Arguments for the Existence of God [ May 25, 2004 ] Sense Data [ May 21, 2004 ] Leibniz’s Influence on Kant [ May 21, 2004 ] Henri Bergson [ May 18, 2004 ] Suicide [ May 18, 2004 ] Platonism in Metaphysics [ May 12, 2004 ] The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Argument in Quantum Theory [ May 10, 2004 ] Feminist Aesthetics [ May 7, 2004 ] Pornography and Censorship [ May 5, 2004 ] Conservation Biology [ May 4, 2004 ] Analytic Feminism [ April 29, 2004 ] Compatibilism [ April 26, 2004 ] Jean-Paul Sartre [ April 22, 2004 ] Martin Buber [ April 20, 2004 ] Hedonism [ April 20, 2004 ] Compositionality [ April 8, 2004 ] Aristotle and Mathematics [ March 26, 2004 ] George Edward Moore [ March 26, 2004 ] Plato [ March 20, 2004 ] The Chinese Room Argument [ March 19, 2004 ] Doxography of Ancient Philosophy [ March 18, 2004 ] Atheism and Agnosticism [ March 9, 2004 ] Descriptions [ March 2, 2004 ] 18th Century French Aesthetics [ February 29, 2004 ] Kant’s Critique of Metaphysics [ February 29, 2004 ] Anaphora [ February 24, 2004 ] The Frame Problem [ February 23, 2004 ] Edmund Burke [ February 23, 2004 ] Kant’s Moral Philosophy [ February 23, 2004 ] Plato on Friendship and Eros [ February 20, 2004 ] Moral Relativism [ February 19, 2004 ] Feminist Perspectives on Sex Markets [ February 18, 2004 ] Einstein’s Philosophy of Science [ February 11, 2004 ] Boundary [ February 9, 2004 ] Simpson’s Paradox [ February 2, 2004 ] Medieval Theories of the Syllogism [ February 2, 2004 ] Temporal Parts [ February 1, 2004 ] Moral Luck [ January 26, 2004 ] Moral Cognitivism vs. Non-Cognitivism [ January 23, 2004 ] The Genotype/Phenotype Distinction [ January 23, 2004 ] Knowledge by Acquaintance vs. Description [ January 19, 2004 ] Rule Consequentialism [ December 31, 2003 ] Francis Bacon [ December 29, 2003 ] Legal Obligation and Authority [ December 29, 2003 ] Intersections Between Analytic and Continental Feminism [ December 23, 2003 ] Plato on Rhetoric and Poetry [ December 22, 2003 ] Medieval Semiotics [ December 19, 2003 ] Mental Causation [ December 18, 2003 ] Hume’s Aesthetics [ December 17, 2003 ] Simon of Faversham [ November 18, 2003 ] Phenomenology [ November 16, 2003 ] Coherentist Theories of Epistemic Justification [ November 11, 2003 ] Malebranche’s Theory of Ideas and Vision in God [ November 10, 2003 ] The Role of Decoherence in Quantum Mechanics [ November 3, 2003 ] Kant’s Philosophical Development [ November 3, 2003 ] Ancient Theories of Soul [ October 23, 2003 ] Kant’s Philosophy of Science [ October 21, 2003 ] Legal Interpretivism [ October 14, 2003 ] Arguments for Incompatibilism [ October 14, 2003 ] Practical Reason [ October 13, 2003 ] Alexander of Aphrodisias [ October 13, 2003 ] Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach [ October 3, 2003 ] Heaven and Hell in Christian Thought [ October 3, 2003 ] Medieval Theories of Singular Terms [ September 25, 2003 ] Intentionality in Ancient Philosophy [ September 22, 2003 ] Theories of the Common Law of Torts [ September 22, 2003 ] Plato’s Ethics: An Overview [ September 16, 2003 ] Philolaus [ September 15, 2003 ] Moral Reasoning [ September 15, 2003 ] Philosophy of Economics [ September 12, 2003 ] Respect [ September 10, 2003 ] David [ September 8, 2003 ] Zombies [ September 8, 2003 ] Creationism [ August 30, 2003 ] Nothingness [ August 28, 2003 ] John Scottus Eriugena [ August 28, 2003 ] Peter Damian [ August 27, 2003 ] Logic-Based Artificial Intelligence [ August 27, 2003 ] Karl Marx [ August 26, 2003 ] Anthony Collins [ August 25, 2003 ] Dualism [ August 19, 2003 ] Life [ August 15, 2003 ] Necessary and Sufficient Conditions [ August 15, 2003 ] The Analytic/Synthetic Distinction [ August 14, 2003 ] Paul Natorp [ August 12, 2003 ] Intentionality [ August 7, 2003 ] Descartes’ Ethics [ August 6, 2003 ] Hilbert’s Program [ July 31, 2003 ] Medieval Theories of Haecceity [ July 31, 2003 ] Autonomy in Moral and Political Philosophy [ July 28, 2003 ] Xenocrates [ July 25, 2003 ] Symmetry and Symmetry Breaking [ July 24, 2003 ] Baron de Montesquieu, Charles-Louis de Secondat [ July 18, 2003 ] Virtue Ethics [ July 18, 2003 ] States of Affairs [ July 17, 2003 ] Medieval Theories of Obligationes [ July 14, 2003 ] Binarium Famosissimum [ July 14, 2003 ] The Moral Status of Animals [ July 1, 2003 ] The Computational Theory of Mind [ July 1, 2003 ] Plotinus [ June 30, 2003 ] Bayes’ Theorem [ June 28, 2003 ] Archytas [ June 26, 2003 ] Roman Ingarden [ June 12, 2003 ] Biodiversity [ June 11, 2003 ] Giambattista Vico [ June 11, 2003 ] Plato’s Middle Period Metaphysics and Epistemology [ June 9, 2003 ] Biological Altruism [ June 3, 2003 ] Sovereignty [ May 31, 2003 ] Lvov-Warsaw School [ May 29, 2003 ] Speusippus [ May 22, 2003 ] The Free Rider Problem [ May 21, 2003 ] Consequentialism [ May 20, 2003 ] Mereology [ May 13, 2003 ] Arthur Schopenhauer [ May 12, 2003 ] Eliminative Materialism [ May 8, 2003 ] Saadya [Saadiah] [ May 6, 2003 ] Theodor W. Adorno [ May 5, 2003 ] Karl Leonhard Reinhold [ April 30, 2003 ] Laws of Nature [ April 29, 2003 ] Reflective Equilibrium [ April 28, 2003 ] Episteme and Techne [ April 11, 2003 ] Alcmaeon [ April 10, 2003 ] The Turing Test [ April 9, 2003 ] Analysis [ April 7, 2003 ] Samuel Clarke [ April 5, 2003 ] Intergenerational Justice [ April 3, 2003 ] Provability Logic [ April 2, 2003 ] Michel Foucault [ April 2, 2003 ] Divine Freedom [ April 1, 2003 ] Plato’s Ethics and Politics in The Republic [ April 1, 2003 ] Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer [ March 26, 2003 ] Memory [ March 11, 2003 ] John Philoponus [ March 11, 2003 ] Hans-Georg Gadamer [ March 3, 2003 ] Aesthetic Judgment [ February 28, 2003 ] Edmund Husserl [ February 28, 2003 ] Thomas Hill Green [ February 28, 2003 ] Positive and Negative Liberty [ February 27, 2003 ] Daoism [ February 19, 2003 ] Lady Anne Conway [ February 13, 2003 ] Elias [ February 11, 2003 ] Secession [ February 7, 2003 ] Human Rights [ February 7, 2003 ] Self-Knowledge [ February 7, 2003 ] Pierre Bayle [ February 7, 2003 ] Transcendentalism [ February 6, 2003 ] Moral Epistemology [ February 4, 2003 ] Civil Rights [ February 3, 2003 ] Emotion [ February 3, 2003 ] The Metaphysics of Causation [ February 2, 2003 ] Relativism [ February 2, 2003 ] Moral Non-Naturalism [ February 1, 2003 ] Condemnation of 1277 [ January 30, 2003 ] Causal Determinism [ January 23, 2003 ] Nonconceptual Mental Content [ January 21, 2003 ] Reference [ January 20, 2003 ] Moral Character [ January 15, 2003 ] Lady Damaris Masham [ January 14, 2003 ] Republicanism [ January 10, 2003 ] The Problem of the Many [ January 9, 2003 ] William Heytesbury [ January 6, 2003 ] Federalism [ January 5, 2003 ] Legal Positivism [ January 3, 2003 ] Envy [ December 18, 2002 ] Change and Inconsistency [ December 18, 2002 ] Fatalism [ December 18, 2002 ] Herbert Spencer [ December 15, 2002 ] Fitness [ December 9, 2002 ] Intersections Between Pragmatist and Continental Feminism [ December 6, 2002 ] Law and Language [ December 5, 2002 ] Franz Brentano [ December 4, 2002 ] Moses Mendelssohn [ December 3, 2002 ] Freedom of Speech [ November 29, 2002 ] Time [ November 25, 2002 ] David Hartley [ November 25, 2002 ] Structuralism in Physics [ November 24, 2002 ] Narrow Mental Content [ November 20, 2002 ] The Pure Theory of Law [ November 18, 2002 ] Modal Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics [ November 12, 2002 ] Paul Ricoeur [ November 11, 2002 ] Ludwig Wittgenstein [ November 8, 2002 ] Paternalism [ November 6, 2002 ] Peter Auriol [ November 6, 2002 ] Supererogation [ November 4, 2002 ] Egoism [ November 4, 2002 ] The Epistemic Basing Relation [ October 31, 2002 ] Alfred Schutz [ October 29, 2002 ] Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Value [ October 22, 2002 ] Externalism About the Mind [ October 21, 2002 ] Xenophanes [ October 21, 2002 ] Mohism [ October 21, 2002 ] Interpretations of Probability [ October 21, 2002 ] Étienne Bonnot de Condillac [ October 17, 2002 ] Literary Forms of Medieval Philosophy [ October 17, 2002 ] Special Obligations [ October 17, 2002 ] Children’s Rights [ October 16, 2002 ] Theories of Criminal Law [ October 14, 2002 ] Equality of Opportunity [ October 8, 2002 ] Fitch’s Paradox of Knowability [ October 7, 2002 ] Parenthood and Procreation [ October 4, 2002 ] Scientific Progress [ October 1, 2002 ] Civic Humanism [ October 1, 2002 ] Object [ October 1, 2002 ] Emergent Properties [ September 24, 2002 ] The Natural Law Tradition in Ethics [ September 23, 2002 ] The Problem of Evil [ September 16, 2002 ] The Philosophy of Childhood [ September 13, 2002 ] Paul-Henri Thiry (Baron) d’Holbach [ September 6, 2002 ] Libertarianism [ September 5, 2002 ] Fuzzy Logic [ September 3, 2002 ] Qualia: The Knowledge Argument [ September 3, 2002 ] Personal Identity [ August 20, 2002 ] Egalitarianism [ August 16, 2002 ] William of Ockham [ August 16, 2002 ] Timon of Phlius [ August 8, 2002 ] Homosexuality [ August 6, 2002 ] Pyrrho [ August 5, 2002 ] Identity Politics [ July 16, 2002 ] Naturalism in Legal Philosophy [ July 15, 2002 ] Set Theory [ July 11, 2002 ] Realism [ July 8, 2002 ] The Mathematics of Boolean Algebra [ July 5, 2002 ] Species [ July 4, 2002 ] Confucius [ July 3, 2002 ] Theological Voluntarism [ July 2, 2002 ] Immutability [ July 1, 2002 ] Johann Georg Hamann [ June 29, 2002 ] Max Stirner [ June 27, 2002 ] Consciousness and Intentionality [ June 22, 2002 ] Globalization [ June 21, 2002 ] Moral Skepticism [ June 14, 2002 ] Scientific Realism [ June 12, 2002 ] Environmental Ethics [ June 3, 2002 ] Alan Turing [ June 3, 2002 ] Personal Autonomy [ May 28, 2002 ] Nicolas Malebranche [ May 24, 2002 ] Death [ May 22, 2002 ] Omnipotence [ May 21, 2002 ] Cosmology: Methodological Debates in the 1930s and 1940s [ May 18, 2002 ] Doing vs. Allowing Harm [ May 14, 2002 ] Desert [ May 14, 2002 ] Privacy [ May 14, 2002 ] Modal Fictionalism [ May 14, 2002 ] Philosophy and Christian Theology [ May 13, 2002 ] John Buridan [ May 13, 2002 ] The Correspondence Theory of Truth [ May 10, 2002 ] Thomas of Erfurt [ May 6, 2002 ] The Epsilon Calculus [ May 3, 2002 ] Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics [ May 3, 2002 ] Aristotle’s Rhetoric [ May 2, 2002 ] Philosophy for Children [ May 2, 2002 ] Zeno’s Paradoxes [ April 30, 2002 ] Determinables and Determinates [ April 26, 2002 ] Events [ April 22, 2002 ] Relative Identity [ April 22, 2002 ] The Definition of Morality [ April 17, 2002 ] Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher [ April 17, 2002 ] Moral Dilemmas [ April 15, 2002 ] Descartes’ Modal Metaphysics [ April 15, 2002 ] The Social Dimensions of Scientific Knowledge [ April 12, 2002 ] Mally’s Deontic Logic [ April 5, 2002 ] Finitism in Geometry [ April 3, 2002 ] Process Philosophy [ April 2, 2002 ] Space and Time: Inertial Frames [ March 30, 2002 ] Impartiality [ March 25, 2002 ] Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics [ March 24, 2002 ] Action [ March 18, 2002 ] Lord Shaftesbury [Anthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury] [ March 13, 2002 ] Harriet Taylor Mill [ March 11, 2002 ] 18th Century German Philosophy Prior to Kant [ March 10, 2002 ] Justice as a Virtue [ March 8, 2002 ] Bruno Bauer [ March 7, 2002 ] Collapse Theories [ March 7, 2002 ] Cosmopolitanism [ February 23, 2002 ] Hobbes’s Moral and Political Philosophy [ February 12, 2002 ] George Santayana [ February 11, 2002 ] Medieval Theories: Properties of Terms [ February 5, 2002 ] Relational Quantum Mechanics [ February 4, 2002 ] Quantum Logic and Probability Theory [ February 4, 2002 ] Formal Learning Theory [ February 2, 2002 ] Scottish Philosophy in the 19th Century [ January 29, 2002 ] Salomon Maimon [ January 28, 2002 ] Robert Boyle [ January 15, 2002 ] Jonathan Edwards [ January 15, 2002 ] Evolutionary Game Theory [ January 14, 2002 ] Free Will [ January 7, 2002 ] Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Properties [ January 5, 2002 ] Ralph Waldo Emerson [ January 3, 2002 ] John Stuart Mill [ January 3, 2002 ] Epistemic Closure [ December 31, 2001 ] Antonio Rosmini [ December 28, 2001 ] Affirmative Action [ December 28, 2001 ] Giles of Rome [ December 21, 2001 ] Exploitation [ December 20, 2001 ] Legal Rights [ December 20, 2001 ] Laozi [ December 15, 2001 ] Non-monotonic Logic [ December 11, 2001 ] Skepticism [ December 8, 2001 ] Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi [ December 6, 2001 ] Replication and Reproduction [ December 5, 2001 ] Nationalism [ November 29, 2001 ] Early Philosophical Interpretations of General Relativity [ November 28, 2001 ] The Economic Analysis of Law [ November 26, 2001 ] Thermodynamic Asymmetry in Time [ November 15, 2001 ] Zhuangzi [ November 10, 2001 ] Model Theory [ November 10, 2001 ] First-order Model Theory [ November 10, 2001 ] Tarski’s Truth Definitions [ November 10, 2001 ] Causation in the Law [ November 8, 2001 ] Well-Being [ November 6, 2001 ] Bohmian Mechanics [ October 26, 2001 ] Johann Gottfried von Herder [ October 23, 2001 ] Spinoza’s Psychological Theory [ October 23, 2001 ] Law and Ideology [ October 22, 2001 ] Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling [ October 22, 2001 ] Nicholas of Autrecourt [ October 14, 2001 ] The Uncertainty Principle [ October 8, 2001 ] Communitarianism [ October 4, 2001 ] The Cambridge Platonists [ October 3, 2001 ] Sophismata [ September 30, 2001 ] Gregory of Rimini [ September 24, 2001 ] Johannes Sharpe [ September 24, 2001 ] John Wyclif [ September 18, 2001 ] Indexicals [ September 14, 2001 ] Antoine Le Grand [ September 14, 2001 ] The Equivalence of Mass and Energy [ September 12, 2001 ] John Locke [ September 2, 2001 ] Johann Gottlieb Fichte [ August 30, 2001 ] Diagrams and Diagrammatical Reasoning [ August 28, 2001 ] Common Knowledge [ August 28, 2001 ] Insolubles [ August 27, 2001 ] Backward Causation [ August 27, 2001 ] Paul of Venice [ August 22, 2001 ] Godfrey of Fontaines [ August 17, 2001 ] Causation and Manipulability [ August 17, 2001 ] Gersonides [ August 17, 2001 ] Marsilius of Inghen [ August 16, 2001 ] Quantum Entanglement and Information [ August 13, 2001 ] Medieval Theories of Causation [ August 10, 2001 ] Indicative Conditionals [ August 8, 2001 ] Richard Kilvington [ August 7, 2001 ] Divine Providence [ August 1, 2001 ] Comparative Philosophy: Chinese and Western [ July 31, 2001 ] Logic and Games [ July 27, 2001 ] William Penbygull [ July 25, 2001 ] Robert Alyngton [ July 25, 2001 ] Robert Holkot [ July 23, 2001 ] Charles Hartshorne [ July 23, 2001 ] Abstract Objects [ July 19, 2001 ] Automated Reasoning [ July 18, 2001 ] Bayesian Epistemology [ July 12, 2001 ] Epistemological Problems of Perception [ July 12, 2001 ] Being and Becoming in Modern Physics [ July 11, 2001 ] Truthlikeness [ July 11, 2001 ] Naturalism in Epistemology [ July 5, 2001 ] Baruch Spinoza [ June 29, 2001 ] Scottish Philosophy in the 18th Century [ June 27, 2001 ] Charles Sanders Peirce [ June 22, 2001 ] Descartes’ Ontological Argument [ June 18, 2001 ] Moral Particularism [ June 6, 2001 ] John Duns Scotus [ May 31, 2001 ] Medieval Theories of Relations [ May 29, 2001 ] Interpretation and Coherence in Legal Reasoning [ May 29, 2001 ] The Nature of Law [ May 27, 2001 ] Panpsychism [ May 23, 2001 ] Aristotle’s Ethics [ May 1, 2001 ] The Logic of Peter of Spain [ April 12, 2001 ] Philosophy of Statistical Mechanics [ April 12, 2001 ] Descartes’ Life and Works [ April 9, 2001 ] Integrity [ April 9, 2001 ] Higher-Order Theories of Consciousness [ April 3, 2001 ] The Unity of Consciousness [ March 27, 2001 ] Equality [ March 27, 2001 ] Francis of Marchia [ March 23, 2001 ] Robert Desgabets [ March 23, 2001 ] Social Epistemology [ February 26, 2001 ] David Hume [ February 26, 2001 ] John Austin [ February 24, 2001 ] Physicalism [ February 13, 2001 ] The Analysis of Knowledge [ February 6, 2001 ] Richard Rorty [ February 3, 2001 ] Benjamin Peirce [ February 3, 2001 ] Albert of Saxony [ January 29, 2001 ] Dante Alighieri [ January 29, 2001 ] Challenges to Metaphysical Realism [ January 11, 2001 ] Evolutionary Epistemology [ January 11, 2001 ] Constitutionalism [ January 10, 2001 ] Counterfactual Theories of Causation [ January 10, 2001 ] Curry’s Paradox [ January 10, 2001 ] Moral Responsibility [ January 6, 2001 ] Disjunction [ January 6, 2001 ] Legal Punishment [ January 2, 2001 ] Intertheory Relations in Physics [ January 2, 2001 ] William Whewell [ December 23, 2000 ] The Modern History of Computing [ December 18, 2000 ] Quantum Mechanics [ November 29, 2000 ] Brentano’s Theory of Judgement [ November 22, 2000 ] Feminist History of Philosophy [ November 3, 2000 ] Aristotle’s Metaphysics [ October 8, 2000 ] Classical Logic [ September 16, 2000 ] The Kochen-Specker Theorem [ September 11, 2000 ] The Medieval Problem of Universals [ September 10, 2000 ] William James [ September 7, 2000 ] Thomas Reid [ August 28, 2000 ] Incompatibilist (Nondeterministic) Theories of Free Will [ August 17, 2000 ] Feminist Epistemology and Philosophy of Science [ August 9, 2000 ] Substructural Logics [ July 4, 2000 ] Contractarianism [ June 18, 2000 ] Behaviorism [ May 26, 2000 ] Representational Theories of Consciousness [ May 22, 2000 ] Anselm of Canterbury [ May 18, 2000 ] Many-Valued Logic [ April 25, 2000 ] Mental Representation [ March 30, 2000 ] Augustine of Hippo [ March 24, 2000 ] Aristotle’s Logic [ March 18, 2000 ] Modal Logic [ February 29, 2000 ] Foundationalist Theories of Epistemic Justification [ February 21, 2000 ] Time Travel and Modern Physics [ February 17, 2000 ] Propositional Attitude Reports [ February 16, 2000 ] Identity and Individuality in Quantum Theory [ February 15, 2000 ] War [ February 4, 2000 ] Infinitary Logic [ January 23, 2000 ] William Godwin [ January 16, 2000 ] The Mind/Brain Identity Theory [ January 12, 2000 ] Aristotle’s Psychology [ January 11, 2000 ] Medieval Theories of Analogy [ November 29, 1999 ] Temporal Logic [ November 29, 1999 ] Peter John Olivi [ November 2, 1999 ] Divine Illumination [ November 2, 1999 ] Logical Form [ October 19, 1999 ] Medieval Theories of Practical Reason [ October 8, 1999 ] Properties [ September 23, 1999 ] Reichenbach’s Common Cause Principle [ September 23, 1999 ] Intuitionistic Logic [ September 1, 1999 ] Richard the Sophister [ August 4, 1999 ] Nineteenth Century Geometry [ July 26, 1999 ] Holism and Nonseparability in Physics [ July 22, 1999 ] Thomas Aquinas [ July 12, 1999 ] Virtue Epistemology [ July 9, 1999 ] Medieval Theories of Modality [ June 30, 1999 ] Supertasks [ June 29, 1999 ] Feminist Perspectives on the Self [ June 28, 1999 ] The Philosophy of Neuroscience [ June 7, 1999 ] Philip the Chancellor [ March 20, 1999 ] The Hole Argument [ February 1, 1999 ] Epiphenomenalism [ January 18, 1999 ] Artifact [ January 5, 1999 ] Indispensability Arguments in the Philosophy of Mathematics [ December 21, 1998 ] Dialetheism [ December 4, 1998 ] Medieval Theories of Conscience [ November 23, 1998 ] Multiple Realizability [ November 23, 1998 ] The St. Petersburg Paradox [ November 4, 1998 ] Experiment in Physics [ October 5, 1998 ] Conventionality of Simultaneity [ August 31, 1998 ] Cosmology and Theology [ July 2, 1998 ] Aristotle’s Political Theory [ July 1, 1998 ] Relevance Logic [ June 17, 1998 ] Frege’s Theorem and Foundations for Arithmetic [ June 10, 1998 ] Everettian Quantum Mechanics [ June 3, 1998 ] The Language of Thought Hypothesis [ May 28, 1998 ] Feminist Ethics [ May 12, 1998 ] Pascal’s Wager [ May 2, 1998 ] Leibniz on the Problem of Evil [ January 4, 1998 ] Folk Psychology as Mental Simulation [ December 8, 1997 ] Jacques Maritain [ December 5, 1997 ] Descartes’ Epistemology [ December 3, 1997 ] Color [ December 1, 1997 ] Mental Imagery [ November 18, 1997 ] Constructive Mathematics [ November 18, 1997 ] Karl Popper [ November 13, 1997 ] Ancient Skepticism [ November 4, 1997 ] Structured Propositions [ September 22, 1997 ] Leibniz’s Philosophy of Mind [ September 22, 1997 ] Folk Psychology as a Theory [ September 22, 1997 ] Prisoner’s Dilemma [ September 4, 1997 ] Deflationism About Truth [ August 28, 1997 ] Paul Feyerabend [ August 26, 1997 ] Qualia [ August 20, 1997 ] The Traditional Square of Opposition [ August 8, 1997 ] Singular Propositions [ July 19, 1997 ] Probabilistic Causation [ July 11, 1997 ] Bernard Bosanquet [ June 15, 1997 ] Nietzsche’s Life and Works [ May 30, 1997 ] Friedrich Nietzsche [ May 30, 1997 ] Connectionism [ May 18, 1997 ] The Epistemology of Religion [ April 23, 1997 ] Wilfrid Sellars [ February 22, 1997 ] Tropes [ February 19, 1997 ] Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel [ February 13, 1997 ] Vagueness [ February 8, 1997 ] Game Theory [ January 25, 1997 ] Sorites Paradox [ January 17, 1997 ] The Church-Turing Thesis [ January 8, 1997 ] Thought Experiments [ December 28, 1996 ] Category Theory [ December 6, 1996 ] Holes [ December 5, 1996 ] Søren Kierkegaard [ December 3, 1996 ] Liberalism [ November 28, 1996 ] Informal Logic [ November 25, 1996 ] Logical Constructions [ November 20, 1996 ] Arthur Prior [ October 7, 1996 ] Paraconsistent Logic [ September 24, 1996 ] Cognitive Science [ September 23, 1996 ] Distributive Justice [ September 22, 1996 ] Miracles [ September 4, 1996 ] The Coherence Theory of Truth [ September 3, 1996 ] Existence [ August 22, 1996 ] Historicist Theories of Scientific Rationality [ August 12, 1996 ] The Identity of Indiscernibles [ July 31, 1996 ] Private Language [ July 26, 1996 ] Inconsistent Mathematics [ July 2, 1996 ] Pantheism [ June 4, 1996 ] Donald Davidson [ May 29, 1996 ] Alfred North Whitehead [ May 21, 1996 ] Principia Mathematica [ May 21, 1996 ] Francis Herbert Bradley [ May 9, 1996 ] Voluntary Euthanasia [ April 18, 1996 ] Stoicism [ April 15, 1996 ] The Identity Theory of Truth [ March 28, 1996 ] Teleological Notions in Biology [ March 20, 1996 ] Contemporary Approaches to the Social Contract [ March 3, 1996 ] Original Position [ February 27, 1996 ] Public Justification [ February 27, 1996 ] Ontological Arguments [ February 8, 1996 ] Animal Consciousness [ December 23, 1995 ] Peirce’s Deductive Logic [ December 15, 1995 ] The Revision Theory of Truth [ December 15, 1995 ] Russell’s Paradox [ December 8, 1995 ] Bertrand Russell [ December 7, 1995 ] Turing Machines [ September 14, 1995 ] Gottlob Frege [ September 14, 1995 ] Table of Contents Editorial Information Editorial Board How to Cite the SEP Special Characters Support the SEP PDFs for SEP Friends Make a Donation SEPIA for Libraries View this site from another server: Info about mirror sites The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy is copyright © 2026 by The Metaphysics Research Lab , Department of Philosophy, Stanford University Library of Congress Catalog Data: ISSN 1095-5054